{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T21:15:47Z","timestamp":1773263747545,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]],"date-time":"2020-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002491","name":"Bristol-Myers Squibb","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["119358"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["119358"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002491","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care & Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"Objective<\/jats:title>To examine the risk of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM<\/jats:styled-content>) among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA<\/jats:styled-content>) versus the risk among 4 different comparison cohorts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Using a large US<\/jats:styled-content> commercial insurance database, Optum Clinformatics Data Mart (2005\u20132017), we identified patients with RA<\/jats:styled-content> based on \u22652 diagnoses for RA<\/jats:styled-content> and use of \u22651 disease\u2010modifying antirheumatic drug. We selected 4 comparison cohorts with \u22652 disease\u2010specific diagnoses and \u22651 dispensing of disease\u2010specific drugs: 1) general non\u2010RA<\/jats:styled-content> patients, 2) patients with hypertension, 3) patients with osteoarthritis (OA<\/jats:styled-content>), and 4) patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The index date was the disease\u2010specific drug dispensing date. Patients with RA<\/jats:styled-content> were matched to the comparator cohorts (except PsA) for age as of the index date, sex, and index date. The primary outcome was incident type 2 DM<\/jats:styled-content>, defined as a new diagnosis of type 2 DM<\/jats:styled-content> plus a new dispensing of antidiabetic drugs. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model estimated hazard ratios of incident type 2 DM<\/jats:styled-content> among RA<\/jats:styled-content> versus each of the comparison cohorts, accounting for >40 baseline covariates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>A total of 449,327 RA<\/jats:styled-content>, general non\u2010RA<\/jats:styled-content>, hypertension, OA<\/jats:styled-content>, or PsA patients were selected. During the median of 1.6 (range 0.6\u20133.3) years of follow\u2010up, the incidence rate of type 2 DM<\/jats:styled-content> was the lowest in the RA<\/jats:styled-content> cohort (7.0 per 1,000 person\u2010years) and highest (12.3 per 1,000 person\u2010years) in the hypertension cohort. After adjusting for >40 baseline covariates, we found that RA<\/jats:styled-content> was associated with a 24\u201335% lower risk of incident type 2 DM<\/jats:styled-content> compared to 4 comparison groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>In this large population\u2010based cohort study, patients with RA<\/jats:styled-content> had a lower rate of incident type 2 DM<\/jats:styled-content> compared to the general non\u2010RA<\/jats:styled-content>, hypertension, OA<\/jats:styled-content>, and PsA cohorts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]],"date-time":"2020-08-05T01:04:06Z","timestamp":1596589446000},"page":"1248-1256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Population\u2010Based Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1397-3106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yinzhu","family":"Jin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah K.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2517-3579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seoyoung C.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20878"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2007.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2014.121"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.7.1773"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.55.04.06.db05-1076"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"4","article-title":"Recent advances in the relationship between obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance","volume":"17","author":"Bastard JP","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Cytokine Netw"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R600021-JLR200"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1184"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.059980"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket343"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.125476"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3260"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0567"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.150325"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-208958"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.86.2.713"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.37.4.1053"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cger.2014.08.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.160861"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12473"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.140882"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","volume-title":"National diabetes statistics report","author":"Centors for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20636"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","unstructured":"Statistics Canada.Health fact sheets: diabetes 2017. 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