{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T07:38:01Z","timestamp":1770277081737,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]],"date-time":"2022-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81772413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81772413"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81902265"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81902265"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81930071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81930071"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82072502"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82072502"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019081","name":"Science and Technology Program of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019RS2010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019RS2010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019081","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp;amp; Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at an increased risk of acquiring infections owing to immunologic dysfunction and use of potent immunomodulatory medications; however, few data are available on their risk of COVID\u201019. We estimated the rate of COVID\u201019 among RA participants and compared it with that of the general population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using the Health Improvement Network, we identified RA patients before February 2020 and followed them to September 2020. We calculated the rate of COVID\u201019 among participants with RA and compared it with that of the general population using a Cox proportional hazards model, adjusting for potential confounders using overlap weighting of exposure score. We repeated the same analysis among participants with osteoarthritis, a nonautoimmune rheumatic disease, as a negative control exposure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified 225 cases of suspected and confirmed COVID\u201019 among 17,268 RA patients, and 14,234 cases among 1,616,600 participants in the general population (1.4 versus 0.9\/1,000 person\u2010months), with the adjusted hazard ratio (HR<jats:sub>adj<\/jats:sub>) being 1.19 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.04\u20131.36). Confirmed COVID\u201019 cases developed in 46 RA participants and in 2,249 in the general population (0.3 versus 0.1\/1,000 person\u2010months), with the HR<jats:sub>adj<\/jats:sub> being 1.42 (95% CI 1.01\u20131.95). No statistically significant difference was observed for suspected and confirmed (HR 1.00 [95% CI 0.93\u20131.07]) or confirmed (HR 1.08 [95% CI 0.92\u20131.27]) COVID\u201019 rates between participants with osteoarthritis and the general population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>RA, but not osteoarthritis, was associated with an increased risk of COVID\u201019. Our findings provide timely evidence to support recommendations that booster vaccines and priority access to anti\u2013SARS\u2013CoV\u20102 monoclonal antibody treatments should be encouraged for RA patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]],"date-time":"2021-12-07T08:09:11Z","timestamp":1638864551000},"page":"741-747","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Increased Risk of <scp>COVID<\/scp>\u201019 in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A General <scp>Population\u2010Based<\/scp> Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Yilun","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Xiangya Hospital, Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristin M.","family":"D'Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School  Boston"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6935-880X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"April M.","family":"Jorge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School  Boston"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxiao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xiangya Hospital, Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Houchen","family":"Lyv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China, and General Hospital of Chinese PLA  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xiangya Hospital, Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xiangya Hospital, Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2987-138X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guanghua","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xiangya Hospital, Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7638-0888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuqing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School  Boston"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-218946"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-217888"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41619"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2521-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-020-00562-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa897"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41800"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-217763"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-209058"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41593"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-19478-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"524","article-title":"Telomere dysfunction, autoimmunity and aging","volume":"2","author":"Hohensinner PJ","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aging Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3453"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.19.2275"}],"container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp; 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