{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T08:32:56Z","timestamp":1790325176328,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23\u2010AR\u2010073334"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23\u2010AR\u2010073334"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30\u2010AR\u2010070253"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30\u2010AR\u2010070253"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30\u2010AR\u2010072577"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30\u2010AR\u2010072577"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01\u2010AR\u2010077607"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01\u2010AR\u2010077607"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R03\u2010AR\u2010078938"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R03\u2010AR\u2010078938"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32\u2010AR\u2010007258"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32\u2010AR\u2010007258"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32\u2010AR\u2010007530"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32\u2010AR\u2010007530"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006260","name":"Rheumatology Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006260","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008552","name":"Brigham Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008552","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp;amp; Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>COVID\u201019 patients with rheumatic disease have a higher risk of mechanical ventilation than the general population. The present study was undertaken to assess lung involvement using a validated deep learning algorithm that extracts a quantitative measure of radiographic lung disease severity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a comparative cohort study of rheumatic disease patients with COVID\u201019 and\u2009\u22651 chest radiograph within \u00b12\u2009weeks of COVID\u201019 diagnosis and matched comparators. We used unadjusted and adjusted (for age, Charlson comorbidity index, and interstitial lung disease) quantile regression to compare the maximum pulmonary x\u2010ray severity (PXS) score at the 10th to 90th percentiles between groups. We evaluated the association of severe PXS score (&gt;9) with mechanical ventilation and death using Cox regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified 70 patients with rheumatic disease and 463 general population comparators. Maximum PXS scores were similar in the rheumatic disease patients and comparators at the 10th to 60th percentiles but significantly higher among rheumatic disease patients at the 70th to 90th percentiles (90th percentile score of 10.2 versus 9.2; adjusted <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.03). Rheumatic disease patients were more likely to have a PXS score of &gt;9 (20% versus 11%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.02), indicating severe pulmonary disease. Rheumatic disease patients with PXS scores &gt;9 versus \u22649 had higher risk of mechanical ventilation (hazard ratio [HR] 24.1 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 6.7, 86.9]) and death (HR 8.2 [95% CI 0.7, 90.4]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rheumatic disease patients with COVID\u201019 had more severe radiographic lung involvement than comparators. Higher PXS scores were associated with mechanical ventilation and will be important for future studies leveraging big data to assess COVID\u201019 outcomes in rheumatic disease patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24883","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,21]],"date-time":"2022-03-21T13:05:21Z","timestamp":1647867921000},"page":"657-666","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Assessing the Severity of <scp>COVID<\/scp>\u201019 Lung Injury in Rheumatic Diseases Versus the General Population Using Deep Learning\u2013Derived Chest Radiograph Scores"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Naomi J.","family":"Patel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin M.","family":"D'Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew D.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiffany Y. T.","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"DiIorio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqing","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Prisco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lily","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0839-9661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathleen M. 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