{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:17:30Z","timestamp":1786976250672,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696896000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":253,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#am"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"U.S. Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Award W81XWH1810602"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Award W81XWH1810602"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp; Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To develop, refine, and score a novel patient\u2010reported outcome instrument to assess the severity and impact of Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) in systemic sclerosis (SSc).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Assessment of Systemic Sclerosis\u2013Associated Raynaud's Phenomenon (ASRAP) questionnaire items were developed with patient insight partner support and grounded in the lived patient experience of SSc\u2010RP. ASRAP items underwent formal qualitative assessment and linguistic testing. An international multicenter study was undertaken to field test the preliminary ASRAP questionnaire.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A preliminary 37\u2010item ASRAP questionnaire was supplemented with 2 additional items following expert review to enhance content coverage before undergoing formal linguistic testing to optimize readability. Patient cognitive debriefing interviews were undertaken to enhance comprehension, ambiguity, cognitive difficulty, relevance, and content coverage of both the ASRAP items and instructions. We enrolled 420 SSc patients from scleroderma centers in the UK and US over 2 consecutive winters. Factor analysis with item response theory was undertaken to remove redundant and poorly fitting items. The retained 27\u2010item long\u2010form ASRAP questionnaire was calibrated and scored using the graded response model. A fixed 10\u2010item short\u2010form ASRAP questionnaire was developed using computerized adaptive testing simulations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ASRAP questionnaire has been developed with extensive SSc patient input, with items grounded in the lived experience of SSc\u2010RP to ensure strong content validity, with a focus on how patients feel and function. An advanced psychometric approach with expert input has removed redundant and\/or poorly fitting items without eroding content validity. Long\u2010 and short\u2010form ASRAP questionnaires have been calibrated and scored to permit formal validation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.25038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,10]],"date-time":"2022-10-10T09:19:24Z","timestamp":1665393564000},"page":"1725-1734","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Assessment of the Systemic Sclerosis\u2013Associated Raynaud's Phenomenon Questionnaire: Item Bank and\n                    <scp>Short\u2010Form<\/scp>\n                    Development"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Lan","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2765-0922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robyn 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L.","family":"Herrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Manchester, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK, and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust  Salford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura K.","family":"Hummers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ami A.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3975-8938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher P.","family":"Denton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Free Hospital  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