{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T21:21:55Z","timestamp":1791580915457,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]],"date-time":"2023-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp;amp; Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The outcome of patients with COVID\u201019 improved over the pandemic, including patients with systemic rheumatic diseases. However, data on patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) are lacking. This study aimed to assess the outcome of patients with both SSc and COVID\u201019 over several waves.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with both SSc and COVID\u201019 who were registered in the European Scleroderma Trials and Research group (EUSTAR) were collected between April 2020 and April 2021. Patients were assigned to waves 1, 2, or 3 depending on the date of their COVID\u201019 diagnosis. Primary endpoints were death, intensive care unit stay, or ventilatory support (severe outcome). Subgroup analyses of patients who were hospitalized or died were conducted. General and SSc\u2010specific characteristics and treatment were compared over the waves. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression were applied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 333 patients were included; 57 patients (17%) had a severe outcome, and 30 patients (9%) died. Compared to wave 1, significantly fewer patients with SSc suffered from severe COVID\u201019 in waves 2 and 3 (28.2% vs 9.8% and 12.7%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.001), fewer patients required hospitalization (46.7% vs 19.6% and 25.5%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.001) or ventilatory support (24.0% vs 8.7% and 10.9%; <jats:italic>P =<\/jats:italic> 0.001), and fewer patients died (15.7% vs 5.0% and 7.5%; <jats:italic>P =<\/jats:italic> 0.011). Patients were significantly younger, more often men, had less frequent arterial hypertension, and less SSc cardiac involvement over waves 1 to 3. Patients received significantly less medium to high doses of corticosteroids as they did SSc treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The outcome of patients with both SSc and COVID\u201019 improved significantly over time because of intrinsic and extrinsic factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.25226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T00:20:48Z","timestamp":1693873248000},"page":"88-97","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Does the Impact of <scp>COVID<\/scp>\u201019 on Patients With Systemic Sclerosis Change Over Time?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4652-9826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Deibel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia E.","family":"Carreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"12 de Octubre University Hospital  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2266-9907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madelon","family":"Vonk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1549-8852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicoletta","family":"del Papa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASST G. 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