{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T01:01:39Z","timestamp":1785632499311,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762819200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1F31AR084335\u201001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1F31AR084335\u201001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01AR079039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01AR079039"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp; Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with chronic illness share their experiences in online communities and generate rich data on pain management. This study applied natural language processing methods, including large language models (LLMs), to Reddit discussions from lupus communities to characterize multidimensional pain experiences framed in the biopsychosocial model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We extracted Reddit posts from the r\/Lupus and r\/LupusSupport subreddits posted from June 9, 2010, through December 31, 2023. Pain\u2010related posts were identified using a clinically informed pain lexicon. Topic modeling was used to identify thematic patterns, which were then compared with structured summaries generated by LLM instructions that were fine\u2010tuned using the biopsychosocial model of pain. Two reviewers conducted content analysis of the LLM\u2010generated summaries, evaluating thematic accuracy and coverage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from Reddit included 31,785 posts from 10,857 authors. We identified common pain complaints, management strategies, and sociocultural, affective, and nociplastic dimensions of pain. Instruction fine\u2010tuned LLMs produced structured summaries with an average thematic accuracy score of 3.1 of 4 (kappa = .09) and content coverage score of 2.9 of 4 (kappa = .38). Sociocultural features presented in 123 posts (33.8%), including peer support and validation (n = 106) and provider interactions or access issues (n = 35). Nociplastic pain presented in 205 posts (56.3%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Natural language processing methods can be used to extract rich, multidimensional insights into pain experiences from online communities focused on lupus. These approaches highlight the psychological, social, and cultural facets of pain that may be underrepresented in clinical settings, supporting more patient\u2010centered approaches to care in rheumatology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.25687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T13:27:51Z","timestamp":1761658071000},"page":"123-133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Centering Patient Voices in Lupus Pain: A Biopsychosocial Analysis of Reddit Narratives Using Large Language Models"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"78","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4216-2396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Walker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Deparment of Biomedical Informatics Emory University School of Medicine  Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5344-3102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jerik","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University  Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aishwarya","family":"Alagappan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Immunology and Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3826-5069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Swati","family":"Rajwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deparment of Biomedical Informatics Emory University School of Medicine  Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahithi","family":"Lakamana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deparment of Biomedical Informatics Emory University School of Medicine  Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tricia","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deparment of Biomedical Informatics Emory University School of Medicine  Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0534-7250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathan","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Immunology and Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anushka","family":"Irani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic  Jacksonville Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abeed","family":"Sarker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deparment of Biomedical Informatics Emory University School of Medicine  Atlanta Georgia"},{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology  Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9580-4743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Titilola","family":"Falasinnu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Immunology and Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selen","family":"Bozkurt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deparment of Biomedical Informatics Emory University School of Medicine  Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr2.11488"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2020.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12050797"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare12242511"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/41672"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","unstructured":"USFoodandDrugAdministration.Patient\u2010focused drug development: collecting comprehensive and\u2009representative input. Published January26 2021. Accessed March 27 2025.https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/regulatory\u2010information\/search\u2010fda\u2010guidance\u2010documents\/patient\u2010focused\u2010drug\u2010development\u2010collecting\u2010comprehensive\u2010and\u2010representative\u2010input"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocab124"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","unstructured":"Best Practices for Food and Drug Administration Staff in the Postmarketing Safety Surveillance of Human Drug and Biological Products.Final Document; Availability.Federal Register. Published January 26 2024. 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