{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T10:04:18Z","timestamp":1779703458559,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769212800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp;amp; Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Body mass index (BMI), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and pretreatment urate levels have been reported to influence the urate\u2010lowering response to allopurinol. We investigated whether the fractional excretion of uric acid (FEUA) also modulates this response and relates to oxypurinol concentrations. We further evaluated its potential influence on febuxostat, not as a direct comparison, but to determine whether the effect of FEUA was specific to allopurinol.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The data are from n\u00a0=\u00a01,547 and n\u00a0=\u00a0296 patients starting allopurinol and febuxostat, respectively. The relationship between FEUA (\u22645.5% or &gt;5.5%) and the dose response to allopurinol or febuxostat was assessed by linear mixed\u2010effects regression models on serum urate levels and adjusted for BMI, estimated GFR (eGFR), and treatment doses. Concentrations of oxypurinol were measured in a subgroup of patients (n\u00a0=\u00a0181). A multiple linear regression model was used to assess the association between FEUA and oxypurinol concentrations, adjusted for BMI, eGFR, allopurinol dosage, and serum urate levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The median FEUA in the whole population was 4.0% (quartile 1\u20133: 3%\u20135.1%). The changes in serum urate levels for each 150\u2010mg increase in allopurinol in patients with FEUA \u22645.5% or &gt;5.5% were \u221272.37 (confidence interval [CI] \u221274.81 to \u221269.94) \u03bcM and \u221265.96 (CI \u221271.29 to \u221260.62) \u03bcM, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.032). We found higher oxypurinol concentrations in patients with the lowest FEUA (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.032). However, we did not observe any interaction between the febuxostat response and FEUA (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.13).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Allopurinol is more effective in patients with low FEUA, probably because of the reduced renal excretion of oxypurinol. These data highlight the similarity between the renal handling of oxypurinol and urate.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\">\n                        <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/acr25695-gra-0001-m.png\">\n                          <jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text>\n                        <\/jats:graphic>\n                      <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.25695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T14:26:46Z","timestamp":1763130406000},"page":"781-787","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Response to Allopurinol and Febuxostat According to the Fractional Excretion of Urate in Men With Gout"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"78","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2132-4074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pascal","family":"Richette","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00f4pital Lariboisi\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Paris  Paris France"},{"name":"H\u00f4pital Lariboisi\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, INSERM U1132  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anouk","family":"Walter\u2010Petrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00f4pital Saint\u2010Louis, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Paris  Paris France"},{"name":"ECSTRRA team, UMR U1342, INSERM, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quang Dinh","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vien Gut Medical Clinic  Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthieu","family":"Resche\u2010Rigon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00f4pital Saint\u2010Louis, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Paris  Paris France"},{"name":"ECSTRRA team, UMR U1342, INSERM, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quang Huy Dinh","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vien Gut Medical Clinic  Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9997-6390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minh Duc","family":"Do","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy  Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thao Phuong","family":"Mai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy  Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuan Duc","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy  Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Perez\u2010Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine and Nursery School, University of the Basque Country  Basque Country Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6053-8975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Letavernier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00f4pital Tenon, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Paris  Paris France"},{"name":"INSERM, UMR S 1155  Paris 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