{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T09:10:24Z","timestamp":1790327424123,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001537","name":"University of Auckland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3727844"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3727844"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001537","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp; Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite well\u2010described biologic causes, the public views unhealthy lifestyle choices as the primary cause of gout. This study investigated how causal beliefs about gout influence the public's views about its management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a randomized study, 201 members of the public viewed one of two 2\u2010minute videos about gout. The videos were identical except for a 45\u2010second section describing the causes of gout using either a biologic explanation (including genetics, kidney disease, age, sex, and diuretic therapy) or a lifestyle explanation (including diet, alcohol, sugary drinks, and weight). Participants completed a questionnaire about gout and its management. Primary outcome was rating of \u201cHow likely is it that long\u2010term medications would help gout?\u201d on an 11\u2010point Likert scale.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Participants who viewed the biologic explanation rated hereditary factors and aging as more important causes of gout than those who viewed the lifestyle explanation, and they rated poor diet, alcohol use, and the person's own behavior less highly (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001 for all). In the biologic group, 13 of 99 (13.1%) gave diet or a specific dietary factor as the most important cause compared with 62 of 102 (60.8%) in the lifestyle group. Those in the biologic group were more likely to believe that long\u2010term medication would help gout (mean score 7.6 vs 6.5,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Explaining gout as caused by biologic rather than lifestyle factors affects beliefs about the benefits of long\u2010term medication. Accurate communication about causes of gout could affect the public's beliefs about treatment strategies and may improve long\u2010term medication uptake.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.80053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T13:52:01Z","timestamp":1775224321000},"page":"1478-1486","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effects of Causal Beliefs About Gout on Public Views About Gout Management: A Randomized Experimental Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"78","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9842-0721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel","family":"Murdoch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Borislav","family":"Mihov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Horne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6337-2480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keith J.","family":"Petrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Medicine University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory D.","family":"Gamble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lachlan","family":"Fleck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4632-4476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Dalbeth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Te Whatu Ora Te Toka Tumai  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2020.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32158-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.080814"},{"issue":"1404","key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"37","article-title":"Variation in gout care in Aotearoa New Zealand: a national analysis of quality markers","volume":"127","author":"Jackson G","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2021.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204463"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.15435"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.15657"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-010605-9.50009-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0034225"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"565","article-title":"Causal attributions in physical illness","volume":"43","author":"Sensky T.","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","article-title":"Attribution theory in social psychology. 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