{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T02:13:47Z","timestamp":1788401627099,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779062400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54 GM115458"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54 GM115458"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01131542"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01131542"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R00AI77945"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R00AI77945"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R03AG082857"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R03AG082857"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23AR079588"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23AR079588"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp; Research"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the effectiveness of COVID\u201019 vaccination in reducing incident and severe COVID\u201019 among pregnant individuals with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using national electronic health records, including 270,811 pregnant individuals aged 15 to 55 years with pregnancies between December 10, 2020, and June 1, 2024. Among them, 4,715 (1.5%) had at least one AIRD (rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis, or systemic lupus erythematosus). Participants were categorized by AIRD and vaccination status (unvaccinated, initially vaccinated, or booster vaccinated). Time to incident and severe COVID\u201019 was assessed using adjusted time ratios (TRs), stratified by variant period (pre\u2010Omicron vs Omicron).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Initial vaccination delayed time to COVID\u201019 during the pre\u2010Omicron period in individuals with AIRDs (TR: 1.095; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.036\u20131.157) but not during Omicron (TR: 1.039; 95% CI: 0.980\u20131.102). Booster vaccination was not significantly protective against infection (TR: 1.039; 95% CI: 0.958\u20131.128) or severe outcomes (TR: 1.119; 95% CI: 0.670\u20131.867). Compared to vaccinated individuals without AIRDs, those with AIRDs had shorter time to breakthrough infections in both pre\u2010Omicron (TR: 0.940; 95% CI: 0.891\u20130.991) and Omicron (TR: 0.905; 95% CI: 0.858\u20130.955) periods and to severe disease during Omicron (TR: 0.631; 95% CI: 0.485\u20130.821).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vaccination is associated with protection against COVID\u201019 in pregnancy, but its effectiveness is reduced in those with AIRDs, particularly during the Omicron period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.80063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T13:10:21Z","timestamp":1776085821000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Association of Vaccination With\n                    <scp>COVID<\/scp>\n                    Outcomes in Pregnant People With Autoimmune Diseases: A Retrospective National Cohort Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2158-2161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sohrab","family":"Jaferian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Rochester Medical Center  Rochester New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Wilkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases NIH  Bethesda Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuyuan","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Rochester Medical Center  Rochester New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3212-7845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. Jerrod","family":"Anzalone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nebraska Medical Center  Omaha"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret L.","family":"Lind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6165-6607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Sutton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington  Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine L.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Rochester Medical Center  Rochester New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rena C.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7149-363X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Namrata","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the National Clinical Cohort Collaborative (N3C)","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00947-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3947\/ic.2021.0302"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2021.7024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2022-002650"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2021-068632"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(21)00247-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofae019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2022.152149"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2021.09.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13901"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjph-2023-000770"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.7563"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyae115"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.8094"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.210480"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.211050"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocaa196"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.16901"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","unstructured":"COVID\u201019 Vaccines.US Department of Health and Human Services. 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