{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T05:09:24Z","timestamp":1782364164726,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]],"date-time":"2022-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006260","name":"Rheumatology Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006260","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CX001703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CX001703"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23AR073931"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23AR073931"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015542","name":"GlaxoSmithKline Japan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACR Open Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite a wealth of studies evaluating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) therapies, it remains difficult to compare efficacies across trials due to heterogeneous study populations. We sought to identify patient\/trial characteristics associated with clinical response to enable fairer comparisons.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We reviewed 565 disease\u2010modifying antirheumatic drug studies compiled for American College of Rheumatology (ACR) management guidelines. Seventy\u2010two articles on randomized controlled phase II\/III trials from 1995 to 2018 reporting the proportion of patients achieving 20%, 50% or 70% improvement in the ACR's RA disease score (ACR20\/50\/70) or Disease Activity Score\u201028 with erythrocyte sedimentation rate or C\u2010reactive protein (DAS28\u2010ESR or DAS28\u2010CRP)\u00a0with follow\u2010up more than 3 months were included. We explored associations between 34 patient\/trial characteristics and ACR responses. We constructed multivariable models using these factors to compute expected response rates and to compare observed with expected response rates across therapies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among eligible clinical trials, later publication year, baseline DAS28\u2010CRP score, methotrexate\/biologic naivety, baseline ESR, follow\u2010up of 52\u2009weeks or more, number of subjects enrolled, and anticitrullinated peptide antibody seropositivity were associated with greater ACR response. Greater age, longer disease duration, higher baseline Sharp score, and steroid use were associated with lower response rates. Predictive models incorporating these factors explained 29%, 37%, and 53% of variance in ACR20, ACR50, and ACR70, respectively. Overall, comparing observed versus expected rates of response across trials more closely approximated results of head\u2010to\u2010head trials. For example, although observed responses numerically favored adalimumab to tofacitinib, comparison of observed versus expected results across trials more closely approximated the results from a head\u2010to\u2010head trial (\u201cOral Rheumatoid Arthritis triaL [ORAL] Strategy\u201d).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified factors associated with ACR response in RA trials. Adjusting for expected outcomes yielded therapy comparisons somewhat more similar to head\u2010to\u2010head trials. These findings could inform other across\u2010trial comparisons, particularly when head\u2010to\u2010head trials are lacking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr2.11468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]],"date-time":"2022-06-30T04:33:48Z","timestamp":1656563628000},"page":"811-818","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Identifying Factors Associated With Treatment Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis Clinical Trials"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6462-9487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony J.","family":"Cordisco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"Olave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0398-2308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael D.","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua F.","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Philadelphia VA Medical Center  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1372"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-203843"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31618-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ken034"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200001)43:1<22::AID-ANR4>3.0.CO;2-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg284"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2010.549805"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40261-020-00887-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kel149"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"429","article-title":"Systematic review and network meta\u2010analysis of combination and monotherapy treatments in disease\u2010modifying antirheumatic drug\u2010experienced patients with rheumatoid arthritis: analysis of American College of Rheumatology criteria scores 20, 50, and 70","volume":"6","author":"Orme ME","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biologics"}],"container-title":["ACR Open Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/acr2.11468","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/acr2.11468","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/acr2.11468","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T14:34:54Z","timestamp":1759415694000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/acr2.11468"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/acr2.11468"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr2.11468","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2578-5745","2578-5745"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2578-5745","type":"print"},{"value":"2578-5745","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-12-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-05-06","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-06-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}