{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T16:40:34Z","timestamp":1759423234557,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]],"date-time":"2023-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013459","name":"Arthritis New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SS80"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SS80"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013459","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008205","name":"Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008205","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACR Open Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The metatarsophalangeal joints (MTPJs) are the most common location for synovitis in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), yet their association with plantar foot pressures has received very little attention. This study aimed to determine whether plantar pressures differed based on sonographic evidence of MTPJ synovitis in people with RA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ultrasound was used to assess synovitis (grey scale synovial hypertrophy and power Doppler signal) in MTPJs 1 to 5 using the combined EULAR\/Outcome Measures in Rheumatology scoring system. Peak pressure (PP) and pressure time integrals (PTIs) were assessed during barefoot walking for seven plantar foot regions (heel, midfoot, first metatarsal, second metatarsal, third to fifth metatarsals, hallux, lesser toes). Mixed\u2010effects linear regression was used to determine the difference in PP and PTI between MTPJs with none\/minimal synovitis and MTPJs with moderate\/severe synovitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010five participants with RA were included. Mean age was 66.3\u2009years and mean disease duration was 22.2\u2009years. Participants with sonographic evidence of moderate\/severe synovitis at the first MTPJ had reduced PTI at the hallux compared with those with none\/minimal synovitis at this joint (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.039). Participants with moderate\/severe synovitis at the second MTPJ and fourth MTPJ had reduced PP and reduced PTI at lesser toes compared with those with none\/minimal synovitis in these joints (all <jats:italic>P \u2264<\/jats:italic> 0.048). No significant differences were observed for synovitis in other joints.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings may be suggestive of an inverse relationship between plantar pressure and soft tissue pathology, which is consistent with an offloading strategy and reduced use of the toes during propulsion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr2.11635","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]],"date-time":"2023-12-20T13:30:50Z","timestamp":1703079050000},"page":"113-122","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Do Dynamic Plantar Pressures Differ Based on Sonographic Evidence of Metatarsophalangeal Joint Synovitis in People With Rheumatoid Arthritis?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Libby","family":"Anderson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Auckland University of Technology  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Belinda","family":"Ihaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Active Living and Rehabilitation, Aotearoa, and Health and Rehabilitation Research Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7252-9515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine","family":"Bowen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southampton  Southampton United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Dando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southampton  Southampton United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9318-5627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Active Living and Rehabilitation, Aotearoa, and Health and Rehabilitation Research Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2018.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-009-1312-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24188"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2008.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kei186"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2018.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-015-0596-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7547\/0940255"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2018.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2007.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2004.023929"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kel256"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/325909"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15557\/JoU.2020.0012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-1146-4-25"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-219816"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"vi5","article-title":"ACR\/EULAR 2010 rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria","volume":"51","author":"Kay J","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-1146-6-44"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24259"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079902001006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-1146-3-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.60.7.641"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2016-000428","article-title":"Scoring ultrasound synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis: a EULAR\u2010OMERACT ultrasound taskforce; 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