{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T18:09:20Z","timestamp":1780942160680,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]],"date-time":"2024-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACR Open Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"Objective<\/jats:title>The objective of this study was to assess the burden of gout flares and examine associated patient characteristics and outcomes in a sample of US adults.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Data were collected via an online survey of US adults \u226518 years using a random stratified sampling framework. Participants with gout completed questions about treatments, serum urate (SU) levels, severity, satisfaction with control, and gout flares. All participants completed the Veterans RAND 12\u2010Item Health Survey, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7\u2010Item Scale, and the Patient Health Questionnaire 9\u2010Item Scale. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics. Multivariable\u2010adjusted logistic regression analyses examined factors predictive of reporting gout flares to a physician.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>A total of 933 participants met the study criteria for having gout. Those with gout tended to be older (58.3 [SD 13.3] years vs 45.4 [SD 16.1] years; P<\/jats:italic> < 0.001), male (76.3% vs 46.9%; P<\/jats:italic> < 0.001), White (80.5% vs 76.8%; P<\/jats:italic> = 0.01), and married or living with their partner (58.9% vs 52.8%; P<\/jats:italic> < 0.001) compared with those without gout (n = 30,146). The total gout flare burden for those with gout was 6.6 gout flares per year. Nearly 72% of gout flares were either not reported to physicians or pretreated or prevented. Characteristics of those who were less likely to report gout flares included being younger, being less educated, having a lower Charlson Comorbidity Index score, not being diagnosed with gout by their doctor, and not taking a urate\u2010lowering therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>This study confirmed that gout flares are common in US adults with gout and found that gout flares are underreported. Reliance on clinical documentation of physician\u2010reported gout flares is insufficient to assess the true patient burden of gout.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr2.11759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]],"date-time":"2024-11-06T01:45:52Z","timestamp":1730857552000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Gout Flare Burden in the United States: A Multiyear Cross\u2010Sectional Survey Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3485-0006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jasvinder A.","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Service, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center Houston Texas"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Birmingham Alabama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Morlock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acumen Health Research Institute Ann Arbor Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8723-2562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Morlock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acumen Health Research Institute Ann Arbor Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30520"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1001124"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24180"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-209707"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-10-117"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2021.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac656"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-022-06416-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2016.1113840"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2021.101716"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq363"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41927-019-0075-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.16297"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0245586"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14903"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14885"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18553\/jmcp.2022.28.12.1429"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","volume-title":"The Veterans RAND 12\u2010Item Health Survey (VR\u201012): What It Is and How It Is Used","author":"Iqbal SU","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004479-200604000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004479-200610000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e318160d093"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.131246"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.131244"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rap\/rkab107"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000583"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40381"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.33483"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.081604"}],"container-title":["ACR Open Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/acr2.11759","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T15:25:49Z","timestamp":1759418749000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/acr2.11759"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/acr2.11759"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr2.11759","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2578-5745","2578-5745"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2578-5745","type":"print"},{"value":"2578-5745","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-03-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-30","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-05","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e11759"}}