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Even though cellular cargo releases mediated by EVs have been demonstrated in several cases, their role in secondary metabolite production and release remains elusive. In this study, this aspect is investigated in detail using Raman microspectroscopic imaging. Considerable evidence is provided to suggest that the release of antibiotic penicillin by the filamentous fungus\n                    <jats:italic>Penicillium chrysogenum<\/jats:italic>\n                    involves EVs. Further, the study also reveals morphological modifications of the fungal body during biogenesis, changes in cell composition at the locus of biogenesis, and major molecular contents of the released EVs. The results suggest a possible general role of EVs in the release of antibiotics from the producing organisms.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adbi.202101322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,12]],"date-time":"2022-03-12T00:38:44Z","timestamp":1647045524000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Raman Microspectroscopy Imaging Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles Biogenesis by Filamentous Fungus\n                    <i>Penicilium chrysogenum<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Ashok Zachariah","family":"Samuel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovations Waseda University  513 Wasedatsurumaki\u2010cho Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo 162\u20100041 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shumpei","family":"Horii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Science Engineering Waseda University  Japan 3\u20104\u20101 Okubo Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo 169\u20108555 Japan"},{"name":"Computational Bio Big\u2010Data Open Innovation Laboratory AIST\u2010Waseda University  Japan 3\u20104\u20101 Okubo Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo 169\u20108555 Japan"},{"name":"Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience Waseda University  2\u20102 Wakamatsu\u2010cho Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo 162\u20108480 Japan"},{"name":"Institute for Advanced Research of Biosystem Dynamics Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Waseda University  3\u20104\u20101 Okubo Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo 169\u20108555 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuji","family":"Nakashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovations Waseda University  513 Wasedatsurumaki\u2010cho Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo 162\u20100041 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoko","family":"Shibata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovations Waseda University  513 Wasedatsurumaki\u2010cho Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo 162\u20100041 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Ando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovations Waseda University  513 Wasedatsurumaki\u2010cho Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo 162\u20100041 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2058-8185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haruko","family":"Takeyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovations Waseda University  513 Wasedatsurumaki\u2010cho Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo 162\u20100041 Japan"},{"name":"Computational Bio Big\u2010Data Open Innovation Laboratory AIST\u2010Waseda University  Japan 3\u20104\u20101 Okubo Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo 169\u20108555 Japan"},{"name":"Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience Waseda University  2\u20102 Wakamatsu\u2010cho Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo 162\u20108480 Japan"},{"name":"Institute for Advanced Research of Biosystem Dynamics Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Waseda University  3\u20104\u20101 Okubo Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo 169\u20108555 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01502"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.20576"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-019-0965-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-101512-122326"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.183.3.1161"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/85438"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15376"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)48095-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3480"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0054661"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01783"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","first-page":"2037","volume":"59","author":"Murphy D. 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