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The interaction with the oviductal epithelium, as a site of sperm storage, is one type of cell\u2010to\u2010cell interaction that serves as a selection mechanism. Abnormal sperm cells with poor swimming performance, the major cause of male infertility, are filtered out by this selection mechanism. In this study, collinear bundles, consisting of two sperm cells, generate propulsive thrusts along opposite directions and allow to observe the influence of cell\u2010to\u2010cell interaction on flagellar wave\u2010patterns. The developed elasto\u2010hydrodynamic model demonstrates that steric and adhesive forces lead to highly symmetrical wave\u2010pattern and reduce the bending amplitude of the propagating wave. It is measured that the free cells exhibit a mean flagellar curvature of 6.4 \u00b1 3.5 rad\u00a0mm<jats:sup>\u20101<\/jats:sup> and a bending amplitude of 13.8 \u00b1 2.8 rad\u00a0mm<jats:sup>\u20101<\/jats:sup>. After forming the collinear bundle, the mean flagellar curvature and bending amplitude are decreased to 1.8 \u00b1 1.1 and 9.6 \u00b1 1.4 rad\u00a0mm<jats:sup>\u20101<\/jats:sup>, respectively. This study presents consistent theoretical and experimental results important for understanding the adaptive behavior of sperm cells to the external time\u2010periodic force encountered during sperm\u2013egg interaction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adbi.202200210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T01:47:41Z","timestamp":1666316861000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Flagellar Propulsion of Sperm Cells Against a Time\u2010Periodic Interaction Force"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8606-1733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zihan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Robotics Laboratory Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen  9713 GZ Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anke","family":"Klingner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics The German University in Cairo  New Cairo 13411 Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veronika","family":"Magdanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Smart Nano\u2010Bio\u2010Devices Group Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia  08028 Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"University of Waterloo Systems Design Engineering 200 University Avenue West Waterloo  Ontario N2L3G1 Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Merijn W.","family":"Hoppenreijs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Robotics Laboratory Department of Biomechanical Engineering University of Twente  7522 NB Enschede The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarthak","family":"Misra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Robotics Laboratory Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen  9713 GZ Groningen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Surgical Robotics Laboratory Department of Biomechanical Engineering University of Twente  7522 NB Enschede The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0617-088X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Islam S. 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