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Methods: THESCs (human telomerase reverse transcriptase\u2010immortalized endometrial stromal cells) were used as an in vitro cell model to induce decidualization. The effects of G\u2010CSF on the expression of decidualization genes and apoptosis during decidualization were examined. Additionally, a chemical inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and the small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting Homeobox A10 (Hoxa10) were employed to explore the involvement of the STAT3\/HOXA10 axis in the action of G\u2010CSF. Results: G\u2010CSF promoted decidualization markers expression and suppressed apoptosis in THESCs Treatment with G\u2010CSF enhanced STAT3 activation during decidualization induction. STAT3 inhibition diminished the effects of G\u2010CSF on decidualization marker expression and apoptosis suppression. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that G\u2010CSF increased Hoxa10 expression in a STAT3\u2010dependent manner. Silencing Hoxa10 abrogated the effects of G\u2010CSF on promoting decidualization. Conclusion: G\u2010CSF enhances decidualization of endometrial stromal cells via STAT3\/HOXA10 axis activation. These findings suggest that optimal G\u2010CSF delivery strategies could improve endometrial receptivity in RIF patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adbi.202400279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T09:20:23Z","timestamp":1734513623000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor Enhances Decidualization Process of Endometrial Stromal Cells Through STAT3\/HOXA10 Axis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Huakun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Center Shenzhen Maternity &amp; Child Healthcare Hospital  Shenzhen Guangdong Province 518000 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengzhong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Center Shenzhen Maternity &amp; Child Healthcare Hospital  Shenzhen Guangdong Province 518000 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ningjie","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Center Shenzhen Maternity &amp; Child Healthcare Hospital  Shenzhen Guangdong Province 518000 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuhua","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Immunology Shenzhen Maternity &amp; Child Healthcare Hospital  Shenzhen Guangdong Province 518000 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Center Shenzhen Maternity &amp; Child Healthcare Hospital  Shenzhen Guangdong Province 518000 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Center Shenzhen Maternity &amp; Child Healthcare Hospital  Shenzhen Guangdong Province 518000 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2182-9966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuemei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Center Shenzhen Maternity &amp; Child Healthcare Hospital  Shenzhen Guangdong Province 518000 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2013.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590.2021.1878136"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21061973"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1061766"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"173","volume":"15","author":"Timeva T.","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Reprod. 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