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This study established a rat ARDS model using intranasal LPS instillation, administering interventions such as FMT, Treg cell depletion, and JAK inhibitors. Assessments included histopathological examination of lung and intestinal tissues, flow cytometry for Th17 and Treg cell proportions, qPCR and Western blot for gene and protein expression, ELISA for inflammatory cytokines, and correlation analysis using Spearman's method for cytokine\u2010immune cell interactions. Results indicated that FMT and JAK inhibitors significantly reduce lung damage induced by LPS, reduced alveolar destruction and inflammation, restored Th17\/Treg balance, and inhibited JAK\/STAT pathway activity. Notably, FMT decreased pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines (IL\u20102, IL\u20106, IL\u20108, IL\u201017A, IL\u201023, TGF\u2010\u03b21) and increased anti\u2010inflammatory cytokines (IL\u201010, IL\u201035) in serum. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that FMT restored immune balance by modulating the interactions between cytokines and immune cells. In conclusion, FMT effectively alleviates lung and intestinal injury in LPS\u2010induced ARDS rat models by modulating Th17\/Treg balance and inhibiting JAK\/STAT pathway activity, demonstrating promising therapeutic potential for ARDS treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adbi.202500028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T05:35:38Z","timestamp":1751002538000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Modulates Th17\/Treg Balance via JAK\/STAT Pathway in ARDS Rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Dongwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University  Luzhou Sichuan 646000 China"},{"name":"Inflammation &amp; Allergic Diseases Research Unit The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University  Luzhou Sichuan 646000 China"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Liuzhou People's Hospital Guangxi Medical University  Liuzhou Guangxi 545006 China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Diagnosis Treatment and Research of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease  Liuzhou Guangxi 545006 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biying","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University  Luzhou Sichuan 646000 China"},{"name":"Inflammation &amp; 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