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Effective therapeutic evaluation is essential, particularly with rising concerns over drug resistance. In this study, we developed a microfluidic culture platform integrated with an AI\u2010based imaging algorithm to quantify parasite attachment dynamics and assess drug efficacy. The platform enabled controlled exposure of\n                    <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    to human cancer cell lines (HeLa and BFTC905) under single and combined drug gradients of metronidazole and paromomycin. Real\u2010time imaging and spatial color\u2010coded map analysis revealed that metronidazole significantly reduced parasite attachment in a dose\u2010dependent manner. Furthermore, combination therapy exhibited superior inhibitory effects compared to single\u2010drug treatments, suggesting potential synergistic interactions. The platform demonstrated robust and reproducible results across different cell types, highlighting its value for high\u2010throughput anti\u2010parasitic screening. These findings support the application of combination regimens in managing\n                    <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections and establish the microfluidic\u2010AI system as a promising tool for drug evaluation and therapeutic development.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adbi.202500510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T09:32:28Z","timestamp":1768037548000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Microfluidic\u2010Based Analysis of Trichomonas Vaginalis Attachment and Drug Response Using AI\u2010Based Imaging Algorithm"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5356-2221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kin Fong","family":"Lei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Chang Gung University  Taoyuan Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital  Linkou Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Electrical &amp; Electronic Engineering Yonsei University  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boreddy Sai Kiran","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Chang Gung University  Taoyuan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong\u2010Wei","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences Chang Gung University  Taoyuan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mao\u2010Fen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital  Linkou Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Petrus","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology Chang Gung University  Taoyuan Taiwan"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine Research Center Chang Gung University  Taoyuan Taiwan"},{"name":"Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center Chang Gung Memorial Hospital  Linkou Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470\u20102045(19)30072\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905\u2010016\u20100306\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.22538"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00130404\u2010200309000\u201000004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2018.06.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.14763"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1321884111"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.23826"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13027-023-00490-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071\u2010021\u201005098\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2024.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2022.116821"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpha.2018.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/mi15121444"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2015.07.060"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b417245k"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2008.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C1LC20829B"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0960\u20101317\/26\/3\/035011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2024.343371"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/term.2656"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2014.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b618463d"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1534\/g3.113.005777"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","first-page":"1797","article-title":"Characterization of Two Urothelium Cancer Cell Clines Derived From a blackfoot Disease Endemic Area in Taiwan","volume":"16","author":"Tzeng C. 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