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The retention and comfort performance of a range of novel designs of 3D\u2010printed swabs are compared with the standard flocked\u2010head swab used in clinical environments. Sample retention of the 3D swab is governed by the volume, porosity density, and void fraction of the head as well as by the pore geometry. 3D\u2010printed swabs outperform conventional flock\u2010head swabs in terms of sample retention. It is argued that mechanically functional designs of the swab head, such as corkscrew\u2010shaped heads and negative Poisson ratio heads, maximize sample retention and improve patient comfort. In addition, available designs of swab shafts for an optimized sample collection procedure are characterized. The study is conducted in vitro, using artificial mucus, covering the full range of human mucus viscosities in a 3D\u2010printed model of a nasal cavity. The work sets the path for the resilient supply of widespread sterile testing equipment as a rapid response to the current and future pandemics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/adem.202000759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,21]],"date-time":"2020-10-21T12:56:09Z","timestamp":1603284969000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Rapid Fabrication of Sterile Medical Nasopharyngeal Swabs by Stereolithography for Widespread Testing in a Pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0028-6091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louis A.","family":"van der Elst","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fibers and Additive Manufacturing Enabled Systems Laboratory Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering Indiana University  Multidisciplinary Engineering &amp; Sciences Hall, 2425 North Milo B. 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