{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T19:53:16Z","timestamp":1790193196138,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"29","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]],"date-time":"2014-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1398124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Adv Funct Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Room\u2010temperature Na\u2010ion batteries (NIBs) have recently attracted attention as potential alternatives to current Li\u2010ion batteries (LIBs). The natural abundance of sodium and the similarity between the electrochemical properties of NIBs and LIBs make NIBs well suited for applications requiring low cost and long\u2010term reliability. Here, the first successful synthesis of a series of Na<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>(VO<jats:sub>1\u2212<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n<\/jats:sub>PO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>F<jats:sub>1+2<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n<\/jats:sub> (0 \u2264 <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic> \u2264 1) compounds as a new family of high\u2010performance cathode materials for NIBs is reported. The Na<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>(VO<jats:sub>1\u2212<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n<\/jats:sub>PO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>F<jats:sub>1+2<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n<\/jats:sub> series can function as high\u2010performance cathodes for NIBs with high energy density and good cycle life, although the redox mechanism varies depending on the composition. The combined first\u2010principles calculations and experimental analysis reveal the detailed structural and electrochemical mechanisms of the various compositions in solid solutions of Na<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>(VOPO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>F and Na<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>V<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>(PO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>F<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>. The comparative data for the Na<jats:italic>\n<jats:sub>y<\/jats:sub>\n<\/jats:italic>(VO<jats:sub>1\u2212<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n<\/jats:sub>PO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>F<jats:sub>1+2<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n<\/jats:sub> electrodes show a clear relationship among V<jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\/V<jats:sup>4+<\/jats:sup>\/V<jats:sup>5+<\/jats:sup> redox reactions, Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u2212Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> interactions, and Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> intercalation mechanisms in NIBs. The new family of high\u2010energy cathode materials reported here is expected to spur the development of low\u2010cost, high\u2010performance NIBs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201400561","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]],"date-time":"2014-04-22T03:09:04Z","timestamp":1398136144000},"page":"4603-4614","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":352,"title":["A Family of High\u2010Performance Cathode Materials for Na\u2010ion Batteries, Na<sub>3<\/sub>(VO<sub>1\u2212<i>x<\/i><\/sub>PO<sub>4<\/sub>)<sub>2<\/sub> F<sub>1+2<i>x<\/i><\/sub> (0 \u2264 <i>x<\/i> \u2264 1): Combined First\u2010Principles and Experimental Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Young\u2010Uk","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University  1 Gwanak\u2010ro, Gwanak\u2010gu Seoul 151\u2010742 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong\u2010Hwa","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University  1 Gwanak\u2010ro, Gwanak\u2010gu Seoul 151\u2010742 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyungsub","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University  1 Gwanak\u2010ro, Gwanak\u2010gu Seoul 151\u2010742 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jongsoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University  1 Gwanak\u2010ro, Gwanak\u2010gu Seoul 151\u2010742 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seongsu","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute  P.O. Box 105 Daejeon 305\u2010600 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byoungkook","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analysis Center for Research Advancement Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)  291 Daehak\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon 305\u2010701 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kisuk","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University  1 Gwanak\u2010ro, Gwanak\u2010gu Seoul 151\u2010742 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS)  Seoul National University 1 Gwanak\u2010ro Gwanak\u2010gu Seoul 151\u2010742 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM) Seoul National University  1 Gwanak\u2010ro, Gwanak\u2010gu Seoul 151\u2010742 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201200026"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c2ee02781j"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ee40847g"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cossms.2012.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201200691"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ee41031e"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ee40811f"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3365"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3309"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3478"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/2.018305jes"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/2.023302jes"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat2920"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201200558"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solidstatesciences.2006.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2005.12.079"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1003-6326(08)60060-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c2jm33862a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2012.10.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3cp52408f"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm101377h"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201201589"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elecom.2012.08.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elecom.2011.08.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja3038646"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja406016j"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c2jm35293a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep00704"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm403679b"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2013.04.094"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.84.014429"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1293-2558(02)01283-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1523691"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jssc.1999.8447"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/1.2168288"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssi.2006.07.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2008.11.147"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S0108768199004000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S0567740874004560"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2013.03.188"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.30.5596"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr020734p"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.67.174103"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm201773n"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","volume-title":"Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications","author":"Bard A. J.","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/MSF.378-381.118"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S0021889808012016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.77.3865"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0927-0256(96)00008-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.44.943"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.78.104306"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-4655(96)00016-1"}],"container-title":["Advanced Functional Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fadfm.201400561","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adfm.201400561","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T11:57:32Z","timestamp":1759751852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/adfm.201400561"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"29","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/adfm.201400561"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adfm.201400561","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1616-301X","1616-3028"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1616-301X","type":"print"},{"value":"1616-3028","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]]}}}