{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T08:18:28Z","timestamp":1793261908411,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":283,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]],"date-time":"2023-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007926","name":"University of Oklahoma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007926","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Adv Funct Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Most nanomedicines require efficient in vivo delivery to elicit meaningful diagnostic and therapeutic effects. However, en route to their intended tissues, systemically administered nanoparticles often encounter delivery barriers. To describe these barriers, the term \u201cnanoparticle blood removal pathways\u201d (NBRP) is proposed, which summarizes the interactions between nanoparticles and the body's various cell\u2010dependent and cell\u2010independent blood clearance mechanisms. Nanoparticle design and biological modulation strategies are reviewed to mitigate nanoparticle\u2010NBRP interactions. As these interactions affect nanoparticle delivery, the preclinical literature from 2011\u20132021\u00a0is studied, and the nanoparticle blood circulation and organ biodistribution data are analyzed. The findings reveal that nanoparticle surface chemistry affects the in vivo behavior more than other nanoparticle design parameters. Combinatory biological\u2010PEG surface modification improves the blood area under the curve by \u2248418%, with a decrease in liver accumulation of up to 47%. A greater understanding of nanoparticle\u2010NBRP interactions and associated delivery trends will provide new nanoparticle design and biological modulation strategies for safer, more effective, and more efficient nanomedicines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202308446","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,21]],"date-time":"2023-11-21T17:58:42Z","timestamp":1700589522000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Exploring and Analyzing the Systemic Delivery Barriers for Nanoparticles"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Lin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering University of Oklahoma  Norman OK 73019 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Skyler","family":"Quine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering University of Oklahoma  Norman OK 73019 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex N.","family":"Frickenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering University of Oklahoma  Norman OK 73019 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering University of Oklahoma  Norman OK 73019 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering University of Oklahoma  Norman OK 73019 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinit M.","family":"Sheth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering University of Oklahoma  Norman OK 73019 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret D.","family":"Bourlon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center  Oklahoma City OK 73117 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering University of Oklahoma  Norman OK 73019 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanxin","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering University of Oklahoma  Norman OK 73019 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucila","family":"Garcia\u2010Contreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center  Oklahoma City OK 73117 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan D.","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center  Oklahoma City OK 73012 USA"},{"name":"Stephenson Cancer Center  Oklahoma City OK 73104 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2167-6221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Wilhelm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering University of Oklahoma  Norman OK 73019 USA"},{"name":"Stephenson Cancer Center  Oklahoma City OK 73104 USA"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Technology (IBEST)  Norman OK 73019 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b06040"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.8b03900"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2016.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2016.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/natrevmats.2016.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/natrevmats.2016.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-020-0090-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-020-0759-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3330"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","unstructured":"Part of the Content and Several Figures in This Article are Adopted from Skyler Quine's Master Thesis. Uri:https:\/\/Hdl.Handle.Net\/11244\/324416"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/mp800049w"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn1018818"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd3187"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-021-00698-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/nnm.16.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2018.10.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/156720105774370267"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-67720-0_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2957459"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1992.tb06868.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.4VMLT0215-054R"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","first-page":"261","volume":"106","author":"Wake K.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ital. J. Anat. Embryol."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Ergebnisse Der Inneren Medizin Und Kinderheilkunde","author":"Aschoff L.","year":"1924"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","first-page":"845","volume":"46","author":"Furth R. v.","year":"1972","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00328"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004410051069"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2660313"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b06995"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b05679"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2017.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3712"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.3485"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901772"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2016.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CC07644C"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.0c01853"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.8b03434"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2022.114356"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2005.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-72041-8_11"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn101990a"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.8b01806"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2016.269"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202007363"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2019.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/mp800032f"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2018.07.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.bioconjchem.9b00256"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn103077k"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn203892h"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-020-00644-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_53_1","first-page":"958","volume":"232","author":"Chambers E.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05079-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn404853z"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2016.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2011.09.098"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-018-0065-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep25613"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0132451"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvy200"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.66.4.986"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2022.114238"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.161.3.475"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-020-0755-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat4718"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i48.6046"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2017.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0037-1963(00)90113-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1669"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01926230600867743"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11738"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_73_1","first-page":"37","volume":"16","author":"Demoy M.","year":"1999","journal-title":"harm. Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(91)91869-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn301159a"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_76_1","volume-title":"Pulmonary Physiology","author":"Levitzky M. G.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2022.111082"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms15045852"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2018.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aam8929"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5b05583"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.8b02917"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b19-00743"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2021.120966"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep04871"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02275"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2018.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2019.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2020-0306TR"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-020-0669-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201800876"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201301992"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201608450"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2016.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01926230600939856"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_96_1","volume-title":"Williams Hematology","author":"Kaushansky K.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-017-9577-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-409X(95)00041-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2011.057620"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(92)80655-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep44691"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9780824743239"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn901146y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.10290"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2009.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4796"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000337007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.9b02834"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2586(200011)12:5<734::AID-JMRI10>3.0.CO;2-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2013.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2019.119643"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-018-0038-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-020-0524-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1416"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.bioconjchem.9b00448"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-409X(88)90006-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-3659(01)00549-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspa.2017.0845"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2019.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3762\/bjnano.11.25"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-019-0496-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-8977-2-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-8977-11-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-bioeng-071811-150124"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-032320-110338"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1556-276X-8-381"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/nnm-2018-0040"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.607945"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5b04290"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja2084338"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08958378.2012.699984"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0CS01127D"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1340"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2007.12.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2018.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2019.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2010.01.065"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn402644g"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_139_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/17425247.2014.950564"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2021.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.7b00194"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2014.02.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn100262h"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn304439f"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_145_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2007.70"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2007.70"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_147_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn200365a"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9CS00575G"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0022-3727\/47\/1\/013001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b03924"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5b00147"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_152_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201404788"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.7b10694"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_154_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.8b05340"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_155_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-02588-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_156_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.8b00242"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_157_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2017.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2015.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8NR04042G"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_160_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/jfm.2013.592"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_161_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c2sm25943e"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_162_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-014-0099-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_163_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8SM01304G"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_164_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/2211738506666180706121515"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_165_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2020.587012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_166_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202103347"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_167_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn406018q"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_168_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aba5379"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_169_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.9b02541"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_170_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajps.2013.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_171_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5173(02)00129-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_172_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b02086"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_173_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2010.01.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_174_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1NR02065J"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_175_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5b01326"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_176_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/mp200626j"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_177_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201309464"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_178_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10611860802582442"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_179_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajps.2015.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_180_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_181_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2018.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_182_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2020.07.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_183_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.6b03437"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_184_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-409X(95)00039-A"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_185_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.0c01834"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_186_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.2c00349"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_187_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.2c02226"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_188_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2019.119357"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_189_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b413385d"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_190_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b01615"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_191_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b04840"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_192_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201303540"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_193_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/la103095d"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_194_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024374"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_195_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2016.02.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_196_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1229568"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_197_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep26269"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_198_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00292"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_199_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8080881"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_200_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.05.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_201_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202107070"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_202_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-023-01487-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_203_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-023-01481-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_204_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3702518"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_205_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2017.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_206_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10904-014-0143-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_207_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024441702398"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_208_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2109256118"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_209_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0927-7765(99)00156-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_210_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12989-017-0206-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_211_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2014.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_212_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2019-3613"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_213_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4FD00114A"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_214_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4165(81)90366-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_215_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b06734"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_216_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4155\/tde.15.33"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_217_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2013.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_218_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-020-0581-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_219_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1MH00937K"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_220_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00024382-199612000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_221_1","first-page":"624","volume":"61","author":"Husztik E.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Br. J. Exp. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_222_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2005.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_223_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-14221-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_224_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn901919w"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_225_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10534-008-9135-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_226_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10611860802228426"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_227_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(94)90012-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_228_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10717544.2018.1474965"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_229_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1713390114"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_230_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.27502"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_231_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08982109609039921"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_232_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60327-360-2_13"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_233_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep22143"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_234_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510230544"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_235_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2020.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_236_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-017-0123-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_237_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-017-0115-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_238_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn404083m"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_239_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5b02028"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_240_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2015.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_241_1","first-page":"23","author":"Wang Z. C.","year":"2021","journal-title":"AAPS J."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_242_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.bioconjchem.0c00342"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_243_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2019.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_244_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-050-2_16"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_245_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-816662-8.00004-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_246_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0NR00039F"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_247_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nucmedbio.2020.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_248_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpp\/rgaa005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_249_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201703670"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_250_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4MT00340C"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_251_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2022.114326"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_252_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2019.00415"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_253_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c12808"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_254_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.bioconjchem.6b00500"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_255_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.9b04853"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_256_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c04510"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_257_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.7b04022"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_258_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b01879"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_259_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-018-0246-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_260_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b02774"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_261_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2016.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_262_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1919755117"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_263_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7NR08322J"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_264_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2022.114172"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_265_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16413-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_266_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2022.114194"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_267_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S344208"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_268_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2023.07.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_269_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8NH00233A"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_270_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmedt.2022.1067144"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_271_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-023-03471-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_272_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-021-00337-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_273_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.8b07616"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_274_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201901862"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_275_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2022.838590"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_276_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9NR00844F"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_277_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-019-0351-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_278_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202110305"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_279_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S213229"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_280_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.1c00871"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_281_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aay9249"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_282_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b08142"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_283_1","first-page":"1583","volume":"13","author":"Labouta H. I.","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Nano"}],"container-title":["Advanced Functional Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adfm.202308446","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T22:29:57Z","timestamp":1759789797000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/adfm.202308446"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]},"references-count":283,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/adfm.202308446"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adfm.202308446","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1616-301X","1616-3028"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1616-301X","type":"print"},{"value":"1616-3028","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-07-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2308446"}}