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The transition is driven by the micelle aggregation involving the partial dehydration of the PEG block and the partial increase in \u03b2\u2010sheet content of the PAF block. Tonsil\u2010tissue\u2010derived mesenchymal stem cells (TMSCs), a new stem cell resource, are encapsulated through the sol\u2010to\u2010gel transition of the TMSC\u2010suspended PEG\u2010PAF aqueous solutions. The encapsulated TMSCs are in vitro 3D cultured by using induction media supplemented with adipogenic, osteogenic, or chondrogenic factors, where the TMSCs preferentially undergo chondrogenesis with high expressions of type II collagen and sulfated glycosaminoglycan. As a feasibility study of the PEG\u2010PAF thermogel for injectable tissue engineering, the TMSCs encapsulated in hydrogels are implanted in the subcutaneous layer of mice by injecting the TMSC suspended PEG\u2010PAF aqueous solution. The in vivo studies also prove that TMSCs undergo chondrogenesis with high expression of the chondrogenic biomarkers. This study suggests that the TMSCs can be an excellent resource of MSCs, and the thermogelling PEG\u2010PAF is a promising injectable tissue engineering scaffold, particularly for chondrogenic differentiation of the stem cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201400140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,24]],"date-time":"2014-06-24T09:44:07Z","timestamp":1403603047000},"page":"1782-1791","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["3D Culture of Tonsil\u2010Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Poly(ethylene glycol)\u2010Poly(<scp>l<\/scp>\u2010alanine\u2010<i>co<\/i>\u2010<scp>l<\/scp>\u2010phenyl alanine) Thermogel"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Min Hee","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Nano Science Ewha Womans University Ewha Global Top 5 Research Program  52 Ewhayeodae\u2010gil Seodaemun\u2010gu Seoul 120\u2013750 Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeonsil","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Molecular Medicine Otorhinolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery and Pediatrics School of Medicine Ewha Womans University Ewha Global Top 5 Research Program  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyo Jung","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Nano Science Ewha Womans University Ewha Global Top 5 Research Program  52 Ewhayeodae\u2010gil Seodaemun\u2010gu Seoul 120\u2013750 Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Du Young","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Nano Science Ewha Womans University Ewha Global Top 5 Research Program  52 Ewhayeodae\u2010gil Seodaemun\u2010gu Seoul 120\u2013750 Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han Su","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Molecular Medicine Otorhinolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery and Pediatrics School of Medicine Ewha Womans University Ewha Global Top 5 Research Program  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyukjin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science Ewha Womans University Ewha Global Top 5 Research Program  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyung Ha","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Molecular Medicine Otorhinolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery and Pediatrics School of Medicine Ewha Womans University Ewha Global Top 5 Research Program  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byeongmoon","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Nano Science Ewha Womans University Ewha Global Top 5 Research Program  52 Ewhayeodae\u2010gil Seodaemun\u2010gu Seoul 120\u2013750 Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ar900226q"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.19-3-193"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.108.175158"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2007.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201200169"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874325001105010242"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3342\/ceo.2012.5.2.86"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2459"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14653249.2012.706708"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21212"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2459"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H. 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