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To overcome these issues, decellularized whole kidney scaffolds with native microstructure and extracellular matrix (ECM) are employed for kidney bioengineering, using human\u2010induced pluripotent\u2010stem\u2010cell\u2010derived renal progenitor cells and endothelial cells. To demonstrate ECM\u2010guided cellular assembly, the present work is focused on generating the functional unit of the kidney, the glomerulus. In the repopulated organ, the presence of endothelial cells broadly upregulates the expression level of genes related to renal development. When the cellularized native scaffolds are implanted in SCID mice, glomeruli assembly can be achieved by co\u2010culture of the renal progenitors and endothelial cells. These individual glomerular units are shown to be functional in the context of the whole organ using a simulated bio\u2010reactor set\u2010up with urea and creatinine excretion and albumin reabsorption. Our results indicate that the repopulation of decellularized native kidney using clinically relevant, expandable patient\u2010specific renal progenitors and endothelial cells may be a viable approach for the generation of a functional whole kidney.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201600120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,13]],"date-time":"2016-06-13T09:40:00Z","timestamp":1465810800000},"page":"2080-2091","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Functional Kidney Bioengineering with Pluripotent Stem\u2010Cell\u2010Derived Renal Progenitor Cells and Decellularized Kidney Scaffolds"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Chan","family":"Du","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology  31 Biopolis Way Singapore 138669 Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karthikeyan","family":"Narayanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology  31 Biopolis Way Singapore 138669 Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng Fatt","family":"Leong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology  31 Biopolis Way Singapore 138669 Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Shahrudin","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology  31 Biopolis Way Singapore 138669 Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying Ping","family":"Chua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology  31 Biopolis Way Singapore 138669 Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanessa Mei Hui","family":"Khoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology  31 Biopolis Way Singapore 138669 Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew C. 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