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An area of critical clinical need is the cornea, where failure of the endothelium leads to stromal edema and vision loss. Here, an engineered basement membrane (EBM) is developed that consists of a dense layer of collagen IV and\/or laminin \u22485\u201310 nm thick, created using surface\u2010initiated assembly, conformally attached to a collagen I film. These EBMs are used to engineer a corneal endothelium (CE) that mimics the structure of Descemet's membrane with a thin stromal layer, toward use as a graft for lamellar keratoplasty. Results show that bovine and human CE cells form confluent monolayers on the EBM, express ZO\u20101 at the cell\u2013cell borders, and achieve a density of \u22481600 cells mm<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup> for 28 and 14 d, respectively. These results demonstrate that the technique is capable of fabricating EBMs with structural and compositional properties that mimic native basement membranes and that EBM may be a suitable carrier for engineering transplant quality CE grafts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201600488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,13]],"date-time":"2016-10-13T07:17:55Z","timestamp":1476343075000},"page":"2942-2950","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Engineered Basement Membranes for Regenerating the Corneal Endothelium"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Rachelle N.","family":"Palchesko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University  Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA"},{"name":"Louis J. 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