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However, promoting rapid and effective bone formation and integration onto etched, rough TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> surfaces has been a challenging topic. Here, 21 commercially available molecules are examined that met the following criteria: (1) contain phosphonic acid for stable immobilization onto TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> surfaces and (2) have a molecular weight less than 500 Da for negligible coating thickness. Of these molecules, the surface immobilization of pyridoxal 5\u2032\u2010phosphate (PLP), an active form of vitamin B<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>, dramatically increases the hemophilic property of the surface and accelerated osteointegration in vivo. Analysis shows that PLP promotes surface binding of serum albumin and other plasma proteins by Schiff\u2010base formations via its aldehyde group, providing a platform suitable for osteoblast adhesion. PLP also retards blood coagulation more than the widely used citric acid at the TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> surface. As PLP is capable of maintaining an inactivated status of surface\u2010adsorbed platelets, delayed coagulation at the implant\u2013blood interface allows for sufficient supply of growth factors from blood plasma and migration of osteoblasts. The results suggest that PLP can be widely applicable as a biocompatible, effective coating compound to promote osteointegration of titanium\u2010based implants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201600962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,12]],"date-time":"2017-01-12T22:54:39Z","timestamp":1484261679000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Role of Pyridoxal 5\u2032\u2010Phosphate at the Titanium Implant Interface In Vivo: Increased Hemophilicity, Inactive Platelet Adhesion, and Osteointegration"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Jung Seung","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Yonsei University  50 Yonsei\u2010ro Seodaemun\u2010gu Seoul 120\u2010749 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyuri","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)  291 University Rd Daejeon 305\u2010701 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph P.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)  291 University Rd Daejeon 305\u2010701 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung\u2010Woo","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Yonsei University  50 Yonsei\u2010ro Seodaemun\u2010gu Seoul 120\u2010749 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haeshin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)  291 University Rd Daejeon 305\u2010701 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)  291 University Rd Daejeon 305\u2010701 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201400706"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2008.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678108991776"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2011.01.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(87)90029-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-4484\/26\/6\/062002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.12213"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2014.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.30310"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2009.11.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"83","volume":"28","author":"Byun H.\u2010Y.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. 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