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This study aims to develop a biphasic NGC combining a physicochemically optimized collagen outer conduit to bridge the transected nerve, and a neuroconductive hyaluronic acid\u2010based luminal filler to support regeneration. The outer conduit is mechanically optimized by manipulating crosslinking and collagen density, allowing the engineering of a high wall permeability to mitigate the risk of neuroma formation, while also maintaining physiologically relevant stiffness and enzymatic degradation tuned to coincide with regeneration rates. Freeze\u2010drying is used to seamlessly integrate the luminal filler into the conduit, creating a longitudinally aligned pore microarchitecture. The luminal stiffness is modulated to support Schwann cells, with laminin incorporation further enhancing bioactivity by improving cell attachment and metabolic activity. Additionally, this biphasic NGC is shown to support neurogenesis and gliogenesis of neural progenitor cells and axonal outgrowth from dorsal root ganglia. These findings highlight the paradigm that a successful NGC requires the concerted optimization of both a mechanical support phase capable of bridging a nerve defect and a neuroconductive phase with an architecture capable of supporting both Schwann cells and neurons in order to achieve functional regenerative outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201700954","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,4]],"date-time":"2017-10-04T06:18:02Z","timestamp":1507097882000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["A Physicochemically Optimized and Neuroconductive Biphasic Nerve Guidance Conduit for Peripheral Nerve Repair"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0662-2428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alan J.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG) Department of Anatomy Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland  Dublin Ireland"},{"name":"Advanced 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