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In skin vaccination, preserving the activity of the encapsulated antigen is an important consideration, as antigen activity is lost during DMN fabrication because of various stress factors. These stress factors vary between fabrication methods and each method affects the antigen's activity to different degrees. In this study, the activity of encapsulated antigens delivered by DMNs is compared between two recently developed DMN fabrication methods; droplet\u2010born air blowing (DAB) and centrifugal lithography (CL) for a model scrub typhus vaccine antigen, ScaA. Although the in vitro analysis of ScaA\u2010loaded DMNs (ScaA\u2010DMNs) does not show any differences in physical properties depending on the fabrication methods, the immunogenicity of the CL\u2010produced ScaA\u2010DMN is significantly higher based on cytokine measurement and humoral immunity. DAB and CL differ in their solidification conditions, suggesting that solidification factors critically affect the encapsulated antigen's activity. ScaA\u2010DMNs may also be stably stored for 4 weeks at room temperature. In conclusion, CL is a superior DMN fabrication method compared with DAB, and this study proves that DMN is feasible and practical for skin vaccination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201701381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,16]],"date-time":"2018-04-16T23:39:56Z","timestamp":1523921996000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Comparative Study of Two Droplet\u2010Based Dissolving Microneedle Fabrication Methods for Skin Vaccination"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Chisong","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Building 123 Yonsei University  50 Yonsei\u2010ro Seodaemun\u2010gu Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongil","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Seoul National University 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