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Encapsulation of anti\u2010infectives into nanoscaled delivery systems, such as liposomes, is shown to result in an enhancement of intracellular delivery. The aim of the current work is, therefore, to formulate colistin, a poorly permeable anti\u2010infective, into liposomes suitable for oral delivery, and to functionalize these carriers with a bacteria\u2010derived invasive moiety to enhance their intracellular delivery. Different combinations of phospholipids and cholesterol are explored to optimize liposomal drug encapsulation and stability in biorelevant media. These liposomes are then surface\u2010functionalized with extracellular adherence protein (Eap), derived from <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>. Treatment of HEp\u20102 and Caco\u20102 cells infected with <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic> using colistin\u2010containing, Eap\u2010functionalized liposomes resulted in a significant reduction of intracellular bacteria, in comparison to treatment with nonfunctionalized liposomes as well as colistin alone. This indicates that such bio\u2010invasive carriers are able to facilitate intracellular delivery of colistin, as necessary for intracellular anti\u2010infective activity. The developed Eap\u2010functionalized liposomes, therefore, present a promising strategy for improving the therapy of intracellular infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201900564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,22]],"date-time":"2019-07-22T04:54:17Z","timestamp":1563771257000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Bioinspired Liposomes for Oral Delivery of Colistin to Combat Intracellular Infections by <i>Salmonella enterica<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Menina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI)  Saarbr\u00fccken 66123 Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Saarland University  Saarbr\u00fccken 66123 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janina","family":"Eisenbeis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene Saarland University  Homburg 66421 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed Ashraf M.","family":"Kamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI)  Saarbr\u00fccken 66123 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Koch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for New Materials Saarland University  Saarbr\u00fccken 66123 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Bischoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene Saarland University  Homburg 66421 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI)  Saarbr\u00fccken 66123 Germany"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences John Moores University  Liverpool L3 3AF UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0057-5181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brigitta","family":"Loretz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI)  Saarbr\u00fccken 66123 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claus\u2010Michael","family":"Lehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI)  Saarbr\u00fccken 66123 Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Saarland University  Saarbr\u00fccken 66123 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/513850"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0006779","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006779","volume":"12","author":"Britto C. 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