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However, phototoxicity seriously limits the clinical application of PDT, and activated PDT specifically response to tumor cell antigen is rarely reported. Herein, a tumor cell specific \u201cswitch\u2010on\u201d PDT nanoplatform, which employs a well\u2010designed hairpin structure mucl protein (MUC1) aptamer (Apt) as specific linker to conjugate gold nanorod and Chlorin e6 (Ce6) (GNR\/Apt\u2010Ce6) is prepared, and \u201cswitch on\u201d via conformational changes of aptamer\u2010induced fluorescence resonance energy transfer missing between GNR and Ce6 for selective tumor therapy. In the absence of tumor cells, MUC1 Apt keeps a hairpin structure, leading to Ce6 closely adhered to the surface of GNR, PDT is in an \u201coff\u201d state even under the irradiations. On the contrary, in the presence of tumor cells with overexpressed MUC1, Apt specifically recognizes and binds to MUC1, resulting in conformational changes of Apt from regular hairpin to extended chain structure. Thus with an enlarged distance between Ce6 and GNR, PDT is switched\u2010on. GNR\/Apt\u2010Ce6 shows excellent PDT efficacy in tumor\u2010bearing mice (55.1% vs 1.3%, tumor apoptosis rate of GNR\/Apt\u2010Ce6 vs GNR\/random sequence\u2010Ce6) due to its high tumor\u2010targeting and \u201cswitch\u2010on\u201d properties. The strategy of tumor antigen activated PDT is expected to provide a new perspective for clinical application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201900791","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,18]],"date-time":"2019-09-18T16:30:22Z","timestamp":1568824222000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Tumor Antigen Mediated Conformational Changes of Nanoplatform for Activated Photodynamic Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Junjie","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation  Zhengzhou Henan Province 450001 P. R. China"},{"name":"Key laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases  Zhengzhou Henan Province 450001 P. R. 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