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Many studies focus on the pro\u2010inflammatory and pro\u2010angiogenic effects of interleukin\u20101<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> (IL\u20101<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>) on corneal wound healing. However, the effect of IL\u20101<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> on keratocyte phenotype and corneal repair, as well as the underlying mechanisms, is not clear. This study reports, for the first time, that IL\u20101<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> induces phenotype changes of keratocytes in vitro, by significantly down\u2010regulating the gene and protein expression levels of keratocyte markers (Keratocan, Lumican, Aldh3a1 and CD34). Furthermore, it is found that the NF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B pathway is involved in the IL\u20101<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010induced changes of keratocyte phenotype, and that the selective IKK<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> inhibitor TPCA\u20101, which inhibits NF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B, can preserve keratocyte phenotype under IL\u20101<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> simulated pathological conditions in vitro. By using a murine model of corneal injury, it is shown that sustained release of TPCA\u20101 from degradable silk fibroin hydrogels accelerates corneal wound healing, improves corneal transparency, enhances the expression of keratocyte markers, and supports the regeneration of well\u2010organized epithelium and stroma. These findings provide insights not only into the pathophysiological mechanisms of corneal wound healing, but also into the potential development of new treatments for patients with corneal injuries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202000591","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,3]],"date-time":"2020-08-03T02:16:57Z","timestamp":1596421017000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Sustained Release of TPCA\u20101 from Silk Fibroin Hydrogels Preserves Keratocyte Phenotype and Promotes Corneal Regeneration by Inhibiting Interleukin\u20101<i>\u03b2<\/i> Signaling"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2700-6739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Southeast University  Nanjing 210009 China"},{"name":"Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Anatomy Ume\u00e5 University  Ume\u00e5 SE\u2010901 87 Sweden"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices Southeast University  Nanjing 210096 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jialin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Southeast University  Nanjing 210009 China"},{"name":"Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Anatomy Ume\u00e5 University  Ume\u00e5 SE\u2010901 87 Sweden"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices Southeast University  Nanjing 210096 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingli","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute Shandong First Medical University &amp; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences  Qingdao 266071 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludvig J.","family":"Backman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Anatomy Ume\u00e5 University  Ume\u00e5 SE\u2010901 87 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aini","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Southeast University  Nanjing 210009 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haoyang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Southeast University  Nanjing 210009 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University  Qingdao 266003 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingjun","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute Shandong First Medical University &amp; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences  Qingdao 266071 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7906-9152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrik","family":"Danielson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Anatomy Ume\u00e5 University  Ume\u00e5 SE\u2010901 87 Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Ophthalmology Ume\u00e5 University  Ume\u00e5 SE\u2010901 87 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","first-page":"2283","volume":"17","author":"Almubrad T.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. 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