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However, due to the low drug loading content, premature drug release, nonstandardized carrier structure, and difficulty in predicting the fate of the carrier, only a few nanomedicines have been approved for clincial use. Herein, a carrier\u2010free nanoparticle based on the self\u2010assembly of the curcumin\u2013erlotinib conjugate (EPC) is developed. The EPC nanoassembly exhibits more potent cell killing, better antimigration, and anti\u2010invasion effects for BxPC\u20103 pancreatic cancer cells than the combination of free curcumin and erlotinib. Furthermore, benefiting from both passive and active tumor targeting effect, EPC nanoassembly can effectively accumulate in the tumor tissue in a xenograft pancreatic tumor mouse model. Consequently, EPC effectively reduces the growth of pancreatic tumors and extends the median survival time of the tumor\u2010bearing mice from 22 to 68 days. In addition, no systemic toxicity is detected in the mice receiving EPC treatment. Attributed to the uniformity of the curcumin\u2013erlotinib conjugate and easiness of scaling up, it is expected that the EPC can be translated into a powerful tool in fighting against pancreatic cancer and other epidermal growth factor receptor positive cancers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202001128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]],"date-time":"2020-09-10T03:36:52Z","timestamp":1599709012000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Carrier\u2010Free Nanoassembly of Curcumin\u2013Erlotinib Conjugate for Cancer Targeted Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Chen","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Discovery and Biomedical Sciences College of Pharmacy University of South Carolina  715 Sumter Columbia SC 29208 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binglin","family":"Sui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Discovery and Biomedical Sciences College of Pharmacy University of South Carolina  715 Sumter Columbia SC 29208 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingming","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Discovery and Biomedical Sciences College of Pharmacy University of South Carolina  715 Sumter Columbia SC 29208 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangxiang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Discovery and Biomedical Sciences College of Pharmacy University of South Carolina  715 Sumter Columbia SC 29208 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Discovery and Biomedical Sciences College of Pharmacy University of South Carolina  715 Sumter Columbia SC 29208 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4486-7058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peisheng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Discovery and Biomedical Sciences College of Pharmacy University of South Carolina  715 Sumter Columbia SC 29208 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21551"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21190"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3004334"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1304369"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.07.9525"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00670"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.18.00131"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20081808"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.28262"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2019.04.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-4598-10-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S132434"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adtp.201800146"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TB00040E"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1758834016687482"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2020.153218"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01635580903305383"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-015-0168-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_3","author":"Eslami S. 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