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A highly efficient way to promote or rescue osteogenic potential of MSCs under inflammation remains an unmet goal. Herein, metformin carbon dots (MCDs) with excellent biocompatibility are prepared from metformin hydrochloride and citric acid via a hydrothermal method. The MCDs can more effectively enhance the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition nodules formation, expression of osteogenic genes and proteins in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) than metformin under both inflammatory and normal conditions. Moreover, a novel pathway of extracellular signal\u2010regulated kinases (ERK)\/AMP\u2010activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling is involved in the MCDs\u2010induced osteogenesis. In periodontitis rats, MCDs can effectively regenerate the lost alveolar bone, but not the metformin. Taken together, MCDs can be the promising candidate nanomaterial for periodontitis treatment. This work may provide a new pharmacological target of ERK\/AMPK pathway for treating bone loss and also give additional insights into developing nanodrugs from the numerous medications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202100196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]],"date-time":"2021-05-14T03:13:10Z","timestamp":1620961990000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Metformin Carbon Dots for Promoting Periodontal Bone Regeneration via Activation of ERK\/AMPK Pathway"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2350-727X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chunxia","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University  Changchun 130021 P. R. China"},{"name":"Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University  Changchun 130021 P. R. 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