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No effective treatment is available for the repair of RPE damage. A functional in vitro RPE model that allows the recapitulation of oBRB\u2010related pathophysiological responses is lacking. Here, a hybrid membrane printing technology is developed to fabricate cellular monolayers on the basement membrane to mimic human Bruch's membrane (BM). Using this technology, in vitro oBRB model containing the RPE monolayer on the printed BM with stable mechanical properties and fibril diameter similar to that of natural BM is developed. Compared to traditional collagen bioink, BM\u2010based bioink significantly promotes RPE functions in vitro. Finally, smoking\u2010like conditions are exposed to the model to recapitulate the absorption of mainstream cigarette smoke which is known as one of the risk factors for the disease progression. RPE function is damaged due to oxidative stress. Furthermore, the versatility of the model as a drug\u2010testing platform is confirmed by the suppression of oxidative stress via antioxidants. This technology shows potential for fabricating a functional oBRB model that reflects patient conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202200728","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,16]],"date-time":"2022-07-16T12:13:27Z","timestamp":1657973607000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["A Bioprinted Bruch's Membrane for Modeling Smoke\u2010Induced Retinal Pigment Epithelium Degeneration via Hybrid Membrane Printing Technology"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jongmin","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)  77 Cheongam\u2010ro, Nam\u2010gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong Sik","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)  77 Cheongam\u2010ro, Nam\u2010gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyeonji","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)  77 Cheongam\u2010ro, Nam\u2010gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeonggwon","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)  77 Cheongam\u2010ro, Nam\u2010gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5869-4330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong\u2010Woo","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)  77 Cheongam\u2010ro, Nam\u2010gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)  77 Cheongam\u2010ro, Nam\u2010gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute of Convergence Science Yonsei University  Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9046-3495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinah","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)  77 Cheongam\u2010ro, Nam\u2010gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)  77 Cheongam\u2010ro, Nam\u2010gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute of Convergence Science Yonsei University  Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Convergence IT Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)  77 Cheongam\u2010ro, Nam\u2010gu Pohang Kyungbuk 37673 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00021.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2009.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5301\/EJO.2010.6049"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","author":"Cunha\u2010Vaz J.","year":"2009","journal-title":"European Ophthalmic Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-1549(01)00011-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2016-309376"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200908-1220OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.19.5.3091"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00330.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2466-11-36"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"114","volume":"6","author":"Mak I. 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