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Evaluation of the heterogeneity of breast cancer and its various subtypes is crucial to identify novel treatment strategies that can overcome the limitations of currently available options. Explant cultures of human mammary tissue have been known to provide important insights for the study of breast cancer structure and phenotype as they include the context of the surrounding microenvironment, allowing for the comprehensive exploration of patient heterogeneity. However, the major limitation of currently available techniques remains the short\u2010term viability of the tissue owing to loss of structural integrity. Here, an ex vivo culture model using star\u2010shaped poly(ethylene glycol) and maleimide\u2010functionalized heparin (PEG\u2010HM) hydrogels to provide structural support to the explant cultures is presented. The mechanical support allows the culture of the human mammary tissue for up to 3 weeks and prevent disintegration of the cellular structures including the epithelium and surrounding stromal tissue. Further, maintenance of epithelial phenotype and hormonal receptors is observed for up to 2 weeks of culture which makes them relevant for testing therapeutic interventions. Through this study, the importance of donor\u2010to\u2010donor variability and intra\u2010patient tissue heterogeneity is reiterated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202202202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,17]],"date-time":"2022-12-17T16:14:52Z","timestamp":1671293692000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Exploring the Potential of PEG\u2010Heparin Hydrogels to Support Long\u2010Term Ex Vivo Culture of Patient\u2010Derived Breast Explant Tissues"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Maria K.","family":"Koch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Medical and Process Engineering Queensland University of Technology (QUT)  Kelvin Grove QLD 4059 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akhilandeshwari","family":"Ravichandran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical 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4059 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cameron","family":"Snell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre  Melbourne VIC 3000 Australia"},{"name":"Mater Pathology Mater Hospital Brisbane Mater Health Services  Brisbane QLD 4101 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mater Pathology Mater Hospital Brisbane Mater Health Services  Brisbane QLD 4101 Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland  Herston QLD 4006 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeline","family":"Gough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mater Pathology Mater Hospital Brisbane Mater Health Services  Brisbane QLD 4101 Australia"},{"name":"Cancer Pathology Research Group Mater Research Institute \u2013 The University of Queensland Translational Research Institute  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