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In this regard, new lysine oligomer\u2010based multi\u2010hydrophobic side chain polymers (MHCPs) are synthesized by polymerization of <jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>\u2010benzyl\u2010<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc> glutamate N\u2010carboxy anhydride initiated by side\u2010chain primary amino groups in lysine oligomer. Each hydrophobic side chain in MHCPs can be self\u2010assembled by hydrophobic interaction to form multi\u2010hydrophobic\u2010core nanoparticles (MHC\u2010NPs) with silkworm cocoon\u2010, grape cluster\u2010, and butterfly\u2010like shapes (depending on hydrophobic\u2010side\u2010chains lengths). To increase their stability, MHC\u2010NPs are dually self\u2010assembled with polyethylene glycol\u2013polyglutamic acid through charge interaction. Each hydrophobic core in MHC\u2010NPs serves as a carrier for hydrophobic molecules, endowing their nanostructure with high loading capacity. MHC\u2010NPs are employed to load tacrolimus (also known as FK506), and the loading amount is 18% and the loading efficiency is 80%, which are higher than those of previously reported nanomicelles self\u2010assembled by linear amphiphilic copolymers. Topical administration of FK506\u2010loaded nanoparticle (FK506\u2010NP) can significantly prolong retention of FK506 on the eye surface. FK506\u2010NP exhibits higher in vivo immunosuppressive effects than free FK506 and commercial FK506 eye drop, as well as a better protective effect against immunotoxicity in the corneal grafts after keratoplasty.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202203242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]],"date-time":"2023-05-12T11:59:46Z","timestamp":1683892786000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Efficiency Encapsulation of FK506 with New Dual Self\u2010Assembly Multi\u2010Hydrophobic\u2010Core Nanoparticles for Preventing Keratoplasty Rejection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Dongmei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Optometry and Vision Science School of Ophthalmology and Optometry Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou 325027 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baoshan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Optometry and Vision Science School of Ophthalmology and Optometry Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou 325027 China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry School of Biomedical Engineering Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou 325027 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chenchen","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Optometry and Vision Science School of Ophthalmology and Optometry Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou 325027 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Clinical Functional Materials and Diagnosis and Treatment Devices of Zhejiang Province Wenzhou Institute UCAS  Wenzhou Zhejiang 325000 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiahui","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Optometry and Vision Science School of Ophthalmology and Optometry Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou 325027 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingyang","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Optometry and Vision Science School of Ophthalmology and Optometry Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou 325027 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Clinical Functional Materials and Diagnosis and Treatment Devices of Zhejiang Province Wenzhou Institute UCAS  Wenzhou Zhejiang 325000 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shengjin","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Optometry and Vision Science School of Ophthalmology and Optometry Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou 325027 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaihui","family":"Nan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Optometry and Vision Science School of Ophthalmology and Optometry Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou 325027 China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry School of Biomedical Engineering Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou 325027 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8284-9988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Optometry and Vision Science School of Ophthalmology and Optometry Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou 325027 China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry School of Biomedical Engineering Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou 325027 China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Clinical Functional Materials and Diagnosis and Treatment Devices of Zhejiang Province Wenzhou Institute UCAS  Wenzhou Zhejiang 325000 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.12330"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","author":"Abudou M.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. 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