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The probe is synthesized through a one\u2010step self\u2010assembly of two exquisitely designed peptide\u2010amphiphilic block copolymers (PEG\u2010DTIPA\u2010KGPLGVRK\u2010MTX and Pal\u2010GGGGHHHHD\u2010TCZ) under mild conditions, requiring minimal energy input. The resultant probe demonstrates excellent biocompatibility, water solubility, and colloidal stability. It exhibits a strong IL\u20106R targeting ability toward inflamed joints, and releases drugs in an MMP\u20102\u2010responsive manner. The co\u2010loading of methotrexate(MTX) and tocilizumab (TCZ) into the probe enables synergistic RA therapy with improved efficacy by simultaneously decreasing the activity of adenosine synthetase and interfering with the binding of IL\u20106 to its receptor. In addition, the resultant probe exhibits a high r\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    relaxation rate (7.00 m\n                    <jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u00a0s\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) and X\u2010ray absorption capability (69.04 Hu m\n                    <jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), enabling sensitive MR and CT dual\u2010modal imaging for simultaneous evaluation of synovial thickness and bone erosion. Both in vitro experiments using lipopolysaccharide\u2010treated RAW264.7 cells and in vivo experiments using collagen\u2010induced arthritis mice demonstrate the probe's high effectiveness in synergistically inhibiting inflammation. This study provides new insights into RA theranostics, therapeutic monitoring, the design of multifunctional theranostic probes, and beyond.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202300962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,27]],"date-time":"2023-07-27T17:19:49Z","timestamp":1690478389000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["An MMP\u20102 Responsive Nanotheranostic Probe Enabled Synergistic Therapy of Rheumatoid Arthritis and MR\/CT Assessment of Therapeutic Response In Situ"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Xuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument School of Biomedical Engineering Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou 510275 China"},{"name":"The Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou 510630 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