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However, several challenges persist, including cargo loading issues, limited efficacy against biofilms, and concerns regarding the impact of payloads on the platelet carriers. Here, human platelet membrane vesicles (<jats:italic>h<\/jats:italic>\u2010PMVs) encapsulating supramolecular metal catalysts (SMCs) as \u201cnanofactories\u201d to convert prodrugs into antimicrobial compounds within close proximity to bacteria are introduced. Having established the feasibility and effectiveness of the SMCs within <jats:italic>h<\/jats:italic>\u2010PMVs, referred to as the PLT\u2010reactor, to activate pro\u2010antibiotic drugs (pro\u2010ciprofloxacin and pro\u2010moxifloxacin) using model organisms (<jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> ATCC 25922 and <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> ATCC 25923), the investigation is subsequently extended to oral biofilms, with a particular emphasis on <jats:italic>Streptococcus mutans<\/jats:italic> 3065. This \u201cbind and kill\u201d strategy demonstrates the potent antimicrobial specificity of the PLT\u2010reactor through localized antibiotic production. <jats:italic>h<\/jats:italic>\u2010PMVs play a pivotal role by enabling precise targeting of pathogenic biofilms on natural teeth while minimizing potential hemolytic effects. The finding indicates that platelet membrane\u2010cloaked surfaces exhibit robust, multifaceted, and pathogen\u2010specific binding affinity with excellent biocompatibility, making them a promising alternative to antibody\u2010based therapies for infectious diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202302121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T11:25:21Z","timestamp":1697541921000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Platelet Membrane\u2010Enclosed Bioorthogonal Catalysis for Combating Dental Caries"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Mamata","family":"Karmacharya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Soft and Living Matter Institute for Basic Science (IBS)  Ulsan 44919 South Korea"},{"name":"School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)  Ulsan 44919 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4979-7677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sumit","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Soft and Living Matter Institute for Basic Science (IBS)  Ulsan 44919 South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)  Ulsan 44919 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0781-8836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoon Jeong","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics Institute of Craniofacial Deformity Yonsei University College of Dentistry  Seoul 03722 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6423-1834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoon\u2010Kyoung","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Soft and Living Matter Institute for Basic Science (IBS)  Ulsan 44919 South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)  Ulsan 44919 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-018-0089-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2011.191"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.11.5721-5732.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00542-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1522149113"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2018.217"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-022-00163-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-020-0082-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-022-00212-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-021-00488-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034517736497"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","volume":"24","author":"Montoya C.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioact. 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