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However, the antibacterial efficacy of APDT is found to be severely impacted by the hydrogen sulfide (H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S)\u2010overproduced bacterial infection microenvironment. Herein, a multifunctional APDT platform is developed by assembling Cu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> and chlorin e6 (Ce6), which exhibits unique H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S\u2010activatable fluorescence (FL) and antibacterial features. Noteworthily, the assembly conditions are crucial for achievement of Cu\u2010Ce6 nanoassemblies (NAs) with the on\u2010demand responsive properties. The quenched FL and photosensitization of Cu\u2010Ce6 NAs can be selectively activated by the overexpressed H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S in infected area, enabling specific recognition of bacterial infection and localized antibacterial therapy with minimized side effects. Significantly, amplified oxidative stress is achieved owning to the effective consumption of H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S by Cu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> in the NAs, leading to an enhanced APDT. The antibacterial mechanisms including broad\u2010spectrum APDT activity of released Ce6, inherent sterilization effects of produced copper polysulfides and the accompanying disturbance of bacterial sulphide metabolism are further identified. This study may pave a new avenue for the rational design of intelligent APDT platform using minimalist biological building units and thus facilitating the clinical translation of nano\u2010antibacterial agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202302481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T18:14:12Z","timestamp":1705688052000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Controllable Assembly of Cu<sup>2+<\/sup> and Chlorin E6 for H<sub>2<\/sub>S\u2010Activatable Recognition of Bacterial Infection and Enhanced Antibacterial Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Henggang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Joint Research Center for Photo\u2010responsive Molecules and Materials School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University  Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 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