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However, integrating organoids in standard OoCs faces several technical challenges, as it is typically laborious, lacks flexibility, and often results in even more complex and less\u2010efficient cell culture protocols. Therefore, specifically adapted and more flexible microfluidic platforms need to be developed to facilitate the incorporation of complex 3D in vitro models. Here, a modular, tubeless fluidic circuit board (FCB) coupled with reversibly sealed cell culture bricks for dynamic culture of embryonic stem cell\u2010derived thyroid follicles is developed. The FCB is fabricated by milling channels in a polycarbonate (PC) plate followed by thermal bonding against another PC plate. LEGO\u2010like fluidic interconnectors allow plug\u2010and\u2010play connection between a variety of cell culture bricks and the FCB. Lock\u2010and\u2010play clamps are integrated in the organoid brick to enable easy (un)loading of organoids. A multiplexed perfusion experiment is conducted with six FCBs, where thyroid organoids are transferred on\u2010chip within minutes and cultured up to 10 d without losing their structure and functionality, thus validating this system as a flexible, easy\u2010to\u2010use platform, capable of synergistically combining organoids with advanced microfluidic platforms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202303444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T02:45:57Z","timestamp":1705891557000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["A Modular Microfluidic Organoid Platform Using LEGO\u2010Like Bricks"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2664-5889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering MERLN Institute for Technology\u2010Inspired Regenerative Medicine Maastricht University  Maastricht 6229 ER The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna M.","family":"Kip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration MERLN Institute for Technology\u2010Inspired Regenerative Medicine Maastricht University  Maastricht 6229 ER The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Tegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PreSens Precision Sensing GmbH  Am Biopark 11 93053 Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Stich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PreSens Precision Sensing GmbH  Am Biopark 11 93053 Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Krause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PreSens Precision Sensing GmbH  Am Biopark 11 93053 Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00edrian","family":"Romitti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Interdisciplinary Research in Molecular Human Biology (IRIBHM) Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles  808 route de Lennik Anderlecht 1070 Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlotta","family":"Branca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration MERLN Institute for Technology\u2010Inspired Regenerative Medicine Maastricht University  Maastricht 6229 ER The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bart","family":"Verhoeven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDEE Instrument Development Engineering and Evaluation \u2013 Research Engineering  Universiteitssingel 50 Maastricht 6200 MD The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Costagliola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Interdisciplinary Research in Molecular Human Biology (IRIBHM) Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles  808 route de Lennik Anderlecht 1070 Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Moroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration MERLN Institute for Technology\u2010Inspired Regenerative Medicine Maastricht University  Maastricht 6229 ER The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1354-0167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Giselbrecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering MERLN Institute for Technology\u2010Inspired Regenerative Medicine Maastricht University  Maastricht 6229 ER The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-13993-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9LC00861F"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"1","volume":"1386","author":"Mcaleer C. 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