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However, GLP\u20101 has poor stability and lacks of target ability, which makes it difficult to reach the site of action to exert its efficacy. Here, GLP\u20101\u2010expressing plasmids are introduced into the <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> Nissle 1917 (EcN) and a lipid membrane is formed through simple self\u2010assembly on its surface, resulting in an oral delivery system (LEG) capable of resisting the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal tract. The system utilizes the chemotactic properties of probiotics to achieve efficient enrichment at the pancreatic site, and protects islet \u03b2 cells from destruction by regulating the balance of immune cells. More interestingly, LEG not only continuously produces GLP\u20101 to restore pancreatic islet \u03b2 cell function and secrete insulin to control blood sugar levels, but also regulates the intestinal flora and increases the richness and diversity of probiotics. In mice diabetes models, oral administration of LEG only once every other day has good biosafety and compliance, and achieves long\u2010term control of blood glucose. Therefore, this strategy not only provides an oral delivery platform for pancreatic targeting, but also opens up new avenues for reversing diabetes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202303958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T18:04:55Z","timestamp":1705946695000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Biochemotaxis\u2010Oriented Engineering Bacteria Expressing GLP\u20101 Enhance Diabetes Therapy by Regulating the Balance of Immune"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yifei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of MRI The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou 450052 China"},{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou 450001 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