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However, the wettable nature of cotton fibers leads to unnecessary blood loss due to excessive blood absorption, inseparable adhesion\u2010induced pain, and pliable to infection. Here, a kind of ultra\u2010hydrophobic haemostatic anti\u2010adhesive gauze whose surface is loaded with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and hydrophobic\u2010modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), achieving a water contact angle of \u2248160\u00b0 is developed. It is demonstrated that the mechanism by which hydrophobic CNCs promote blood clotting is associated with their ability to activate coagulation factors, contributing to fibrin formation, and promoting platelet activation. The blood\u2010restricting effect results from the low surface energy layer formed by PDMS and then the alkyl chains of hydrophobic CNCs are combined. The produced ultra\u2010hydrophobic gauze resists blood flow and diffusion, decreases blood loss, is effortlessly peelable, and minimizes pathogen adhesion. Compared to the commercial cotton gauze, this gauze achieved effective haemostasis and antiadhesion by reducing blood loss by more than 90%, shortening haemostasis time by more than 75%, lowering peeling force by more than 90% and minifying bacterium attachment by more than 95%. This work presents promising applications in terms of prehospital first aid.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202400148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T10:17:36Z","timestamp":1716459456000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Ultra\u2010Hydrophobic Gauze Driving Super\u2010Haemostasis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) National Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning?  Chongqing 400038 China"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Manitoba R3T 2N2 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinrui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) National Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning?  Chongqing 400038 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Manitoba R3T 2N2 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) National Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning?  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