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However, the full utility of this paradigm is often restricted by the discordant tempos of action of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Here, a gold nanoparticle\u2010based radiation\u2010responsive nanovesicle system loaded with cisplatin and veliparib, denoted as CV\u2010Au NVs, is developed to augment the concurrent chemoradiation effect in a spatiotemporally controllable manner of drug release. Upon irradiation, the in situ generation of \u2022OH induces the oxidation of polyphenylene sulfide from being hydrophobic to hydrophilic, resulting in the disintegration of the nanovesicles and the rapid release of the entrapped cisplatin and veliparib (the poly ADP\u2010ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor). Cisplatin\u2010induced DNA damage and the impairment of the DNA repair mechanism mediated by veliparib synergistically elicit potent pro\u2010apoptotic effects. In vivo studies suggest that one\u2010dose injection of the CV\u2010Au NVs and one\u2010time X\u2010ray irradiation paradigm effectively inhibit tumor growth in the A549 lung cancer model. This study provides new insight into designing nanomedicine platforms in chemoradiation therapy from a vantage point of synergizing both chemotherapy and radiation therapy in a spatiotemporally concurrent manner.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202400908","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T16:38:51Z","timestamp":1712767131000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Spatiotemporal Concurrent PARP Inhibitor Sensitization Based on Radiation\u2010Responsive Nanovesicles for Lung Cancer Chemoradiotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Fei","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an Shaanxi 710032 P. R. 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