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Current diagnostic methods and treatment strategies hardly allow simultaneous early detection and non\u2010invasive treatment of these oral diseases. Herein, a wearable multifunctional double network hydrogel combined with polyaniline and barium titanate (PANI@BTO) nanoparticles is developed for oral microenvironment visualized sensing and sonodynamic therapy. Due to the colorimetric properties of polyaniline, the hydrogel displays a highly sensitive and selective response for visualized sensing of oral acidic microenvironment. Meanwhile, the barium titanate in the hydrogel efficiently generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) under ultrasound irradiation, realizing non\u2010invasive treatment in the oral cavity. Through bacterial elimination experiments and tooth whitening studies, the hydrogel can achieve the dual effect of effectively inhibiting the growth of cariogenic bacteria and degrading tooth surface pigments. Owing to the visualized sensing of the oral acidic microenvironment and efficient sonodynamic therapy function, the proposed hydrogel system offers a solution for the prevention of caries and tooth whitening, which is promising in developing the biomedical system targeting the simultaneous sensing and therapy for oral diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202401269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T03:12:36Z","timestamp":1730171556000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Wearable Multifunctional Hydrogel for Oral Microenvironment Visualized Sensing Coupled with Sonodynamic Bacterial Elimination and Tooth Whitening"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Chaobo","family":"Dai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosensor National Special Laboratory Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry Department of Biomedical Engineering Zhejiang University  Hangzhou 310027 P. 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