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Therefore, a reproducible nano\u2010drug delivery system must be developed to realize simpler manufacture and address inherent defects of GA, such as short circulation and severe side effects, in order to facilitate its clinical application. Herein, a drug self\u2010assembled nanoparticles (NPs) consisting of a hydrophobic prodrug based on GA and oleyl alcohol (OA), as well as vitamin E\u2010polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) as a shield to improve the stability of the NPs is reported. The preparation method is simple enough to stably facilitate large\u2010scale manufacturing. The self\u2010assembled NPs exhibit a remarkably high drug\u2010loading capacity, and their prolonged circulation enables the NPs to demonstrate superior antitumor efficacy in both cellular and animal models. The flexible hydrophobic long chain wraps GA groups, which mitigates vascular irritation and reduces hemolysis rates. Consequently, the prodrug nano\u2010system addresses GA\u2010related concerns regarding stability, efficacy, and safety, offering a simple, stable, and secure nano\u2010platform for similar candidate drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202401950","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]],"date-time":"2024-09-14T07:28:37Z","timestamp":1726298917000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Simplified Gambogic Acid Prodrug Nanoparticles to Improve Efficiency and Reduce Toxicity for Clinical Translation Potential"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ruyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis China Pharmaceutical University  Nanjing 210009 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuxiao","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical 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