{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T06:46:25Z","timestamp":1790405185056,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"26","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,8]],"date-time":"2024-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000928","name":"Welch Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AT\u2010 198920190330"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AT\u2010 198920190330"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000928","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMR\u20102003534"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR\u20102003534"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Adv Healthcare Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    A first\u2010in\u2010class vaccine adjuvant delivery system, Mn\u2010ZIF, is developed by incorporating manganese (Mn) into the zinc\u2010containing zeolitic\u2010imidazolate framework\u20108 (ZIF\u20108). The mixed metal approach, which allowed for tunable Mn doping, is made possible by including a mild reducing agent in the reaction mixture. This approach allows up to 50% Mn, with the remaining 50% Zn within the ZIF. This multivariate approach exhibits significantly decreased cytotoxicity compared to ZIF\u20108. The porous structure of Mn\u2010ZIF enables the co\u2010delivery of the STING agonist cyclic di\u2010adenosine monophosphate (CDA) through post\u2010synthetic loading, forming CDA@Mn\u2010ZIF. The composite demonstrated enhanced cellular uptake and synergistic activation of the cGAS\u2010STING pathway, producing proinflammatory cytokines and activating antigen\u2010presenting cells (APCs). In a preclinical\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>Mtb<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) model, CDA@Mn\u2010ZIF formulates with the CysVac2 fusion protein elicited a potent antigen\u2010specific T\u2010cell response and significantly reduced the mycobacterial burden in the lungs of infected mice. These findings highlight the potential of CDA@Mn\u2010ZIF as a promising adjuvant for subunit vaccines, offering a novel approach to enhancing vaccine efficacy and protection against infectious diseases such as tuberculosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202402358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T01:45:43Z","timestamp":1733708743000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Mn and Zn\u2010Doped Multivariate Metal\u2013Organic Framework as a Metalloimmunological Adjuvant to Promote Protection Against Tuberculosis Infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0278-6700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas S.","family":"Howlett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at Dallas  800 West Campbell Road Richardson Texas 75080 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5245-7016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sneha","family":"Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at Dallas  800 West Campbell Road Richardson Texas 75080 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7680-4537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryanne N.","family":"Ehrman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at Dallas  800 West Campbell Road Richardson Texas 75080 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesse","family":"Masson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centenary Institute\/University of Sydney Royal Prince Alfred Hospital  Building 93, Missenden Road Camperdown New South Wales 2050 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Izzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centenary Institute\/University of Sydney Royal Prince Alfred Hospital  Building 93, Missenden Road Camperdown New South Wales 2050 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trixie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centenary Institute\/University of Sydney Royal Prince Alfred Hospital  Building 93, Missenden Road Camperdown New South Wales 2050 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Humera","family":"Gull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at Dallas  800 West Campbell Road Richardson Texas 75080 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7894-1578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ikeda","family":"Trashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at Dallas  800 West Campbell Road Richardson Texas 75080 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1004-1163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wendy","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at Dallas  800 West Campbell Road Richardson Texas 75080 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1042-4205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Orikeda","family":"Trashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at Dallas  800 West Campbell Road Richardson Texas 75080 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4067-2619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neha","family":"Satish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at Dallas  800 West Campbell Road Richardson Texas 75080 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4843-3687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yalini H.","family":"Wijesundara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at Dallas  800 West Campbell Road Richardson Texas 75080 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabian C.","family":"Herbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at Dallas  800 West Campbell Road Richardson Texas 75080 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelo A.","family":"Izzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centenary Institute\/University of Sydney Royal Prince Alfred Hospital  Building 93, Missenden Road Camperdown New South Wales 2050 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6400-8106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremiah J.","family":"Gassensmith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at Dallas  800 West Campbell Road Richardson Texas 75080 USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Texas at Dallas  800 West Campbell Road Richardson TX 75080 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-00479-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"World Health O. Global Tuberculosis Report 2023 World Health Organization 2023."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(22)00325-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1211"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2006.07.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01557-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10050819"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13223-018-0278-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-021-00524-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2017.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/med.22016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-019-0151-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.1c00750"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-022-00612-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2023.03.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.108053"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-021-00669-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c2mt00185c"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17755-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1230444"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abj7659"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2SC03389E"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.7b00090"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1TB00358E"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b04996"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.3c03518"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.3c00409"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201606134"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0CS01414A"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2218247120"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201601053"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8240"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22285-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b08056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c03092"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.8b20504"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c01129"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201915848"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2019.02.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3SC00500C"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10610278.2019.1616089"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.8b01369"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.1c03555"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3SC06734C"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aat1022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.9b00077"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202101515"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1152516"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.7b11754"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TB01651A"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-019-0292-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.7b01322"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matt.2023.06.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nano9101369"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep17473"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1CS00918D"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0231634"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2022.110173"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2022.02.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-021-00962-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.958133"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac403203x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5b01900"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtcomm.2020.101692"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.795048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","first-page":"11","author":"\u015amiechowicz J.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.755856"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-020-0502-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.2254"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2100029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npjvaccines.2016.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-09119-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","first-page":"12","author":"Stewart E. L.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2016.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2021.12.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2017.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2015.1037057"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2020.101949"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00014\u201018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00934"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2017.07.073"}],"container-title":["Advanced Healthcare Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/am-pdf\/10.1002\/adhm.202402358","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adhm.202402358","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T21:18:26Z","timestamp":1759958306000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/adhm.202402358"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,8]]},"references-count":84,"journal-issue":{"issue":"26","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/adhm.202402358"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adhm.202402358","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.26434\/chemrxiv-2024-q6kwx","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2192-2640","2192-2659"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2192-2640","type":"print"},{"value":"2192-2659","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-06-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-08","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2402358"}}