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We introduce the concept of \u2018space medicines\u2019, where solid\u2010dosage forms protect the pharmaceutical from accelerated degradation in spaceflight. We simulate dose(s) in International Space Station (ISS) through radionuclide and photon experiments, and establish the impact of alpha, beta and gamma rays. We demonstrate that tablet formulation protects from impact of alpha and beta rays; however, gamma rays decompose ibuprofen even when \u2018masked\u2019. We systematically analyse 19 tablet compositions inside and outside the ISS to determine the effect of compositional changes in the tablet matrix. We confirm that the iron oxide\u2010shielded tablets show minimal degradation (\u232910%) inside the ISS, compared to moderate reductions (\u232a10%) for other formulations, with one exception. The tablets exhibited significantly greater ibuprofen degradation (\u232a 30\u201050%) outside ISS, due to harsh conditions. Significantly, we found that flavour have shielding potential by scavenging free radicals. We conclude that ibuprofen efficacy is adversely affected in space, and these effects are expected to worsen on missions to deeper space destinations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202402361","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T00:22:50Z","timestamp":1729729370000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Cosmic\u2010Ray Radiation Effects on Ibuprofen Tablet Formulation Inside and Outside of the International Space Station"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1385-7436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Quy Don","family":"Tran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering The University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia"},{"name":"Andy Thomas Centre for Space Resources The University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8534-3816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nigel","family":"Spooner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Sciences The University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean","family":"Geoghehan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Central Adelaide Local Health Network  Adelaide 5000 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanjaye Raj","family":"Thavarajah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering The University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shamaun","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering The University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nam Nghiep","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering The University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip Michael","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Boots Science Building University of Nottingham  Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra Martinez","family":"Jarquin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Boots Science Building University of Nottingham  Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong\u2010Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Boots Science Building University of Nottingham  Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Davey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering The University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeff","family":"Buell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aegis Aerospace Inc.  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