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However, the limited accumulation of sonosensitizers and the insufficient supply of O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> to the hypoxic environment at the tumor site greatly limit the effectiveness of SDT. To address these issues, positively charged porphyrin\u2010containing nanoparticles (NPs) from self\u2010assembling of fluorocarbon\/polyethylene glycol amphiphilic block copolymer, which is synthesized through reversible addition\u2010fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, are constructed. The NPs with fluorocarbon core and positively charged hydrophilic shells not only stabilize the sonosensitizer and improve its cellular uptake, but also act as an O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> carrier alleviating the hypoxic tumor environment. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that the NPs effectively deliver O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> to the tumor and supply sufficient O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> to Renca cells after ultrasound treatment. Consequently, the NPs inhibit hypoxia\u2010induced resistance to SDT and significantly produce reactive oxygen species by activated porphyrin moieties, inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. These oxygen\u2010enhanced sonosensitizer NPs hold promise for cancer therapies such as photodynamic therapy, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy by overcoming hypoxia\u2010induced resistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202403251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,2]],"date-time":"2024-11-02T03:01:51Z","timestamp":1730516511000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Fluorocarbon\u2010Functionalized Polymerization\u2010Induced Self\u2010Assembly Nanoparticles Alleviate Hypoxia to Enhance Sonodynamic Cancer Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9385-3317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhikang","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound in Medicine the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine and International School of Medicine International Institutes of Medicine Zhejiang 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