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These postoperative events lead to systemic steroid and narcotic use. Local, sustained drug delivery may address these problems, but current materials are unsafe for tight surgical spaces due to high biomaterial swelling, especially upon degradation. To address these shortcomings, a low\u2010swelling, amphiphilic hydrogel system termed DexaPatch is developed containing dexamethasone\u2010poly(lactic\u2010co\u2010glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles for sustained release upon local implantation in the surgical site. The bulk amphiphilic hydrogel, comprised of 4\u2010arm poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)\u2010maleimide macromer cross\u2010linked with triblock dithiolated PEG\u2010poly(propylene glycol)\u2010PEG (poloxamer a.k.a. Pluronic), achieves consistent and tunable mechanical and low\u2010swelling properties. Dexamethasone is released in a burst, followed by a sustained release over 40 days, similar to the release from microparticles alone. The DexaPatch system is lyophilized for shelf stability and surgical handling properties, sterilized, and briefly rehydrated in the operating room prior to surgical implantation in a rabbit model of anterior spinal surgery. DexaPatch results in significantly reduced prevertebral edema radiographically and decreased fibrosis in prevertebral muscles compared to sham surgery. This implantable biomaterial platform reduces local postoperative inflammation with potential surgical applications throughout the body.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202404292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,19]],"date-time":"2025-01-19T22:54:32Z","timestamp":1737327272000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Dexamethasone Delivery via Amphiphilic, Low\u2010swelling Hydrogels Treats Postoperative Inflammation in Cervical Spine Applications"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Stephen W.","family":"Linderman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Georgia Institute of Technology  Atlanta GA 30332\u20130363 USA"},{"name":"Emory University School of Medicine  100 Woodruff Circle Atlanta GA 30322 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Graham F.","family":"Barber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Georgia Institute of Technology  Atlanta GA 30332\u20130363 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S'Dravious A.","family":"DeVeaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Georgia Institute of Technology  Atlanta GA 30332\u20130363 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward A.","family":"Botchwey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Georgia Institute of Technology  Atlanta GA 30332\u20130363 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Refai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University School of Medicine  100 Woodruff Circle Atlanta GA 30322 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adam M.","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University School of Medicine  100 Woodruff Circle Atlanta GA 30322 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6602-2518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9s J.","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Georgia Institute of Technology  Atlanta GA 30332\u20130363 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1354253"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489420929046"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"a) Merck & Co. 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