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In diagnostics, nanoparticles leverage unique physicochemical properties to enhance imaging precision. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles improve magnetic resonance imaging\u00a0sensitivity by amplifying T\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010weighted contrast, while microbubbles\/nanobubbles enhance ultrasound resolution via signal reflection. Quantum dots and gold nanoparticles optimize photoacoustic imaging with superior fluorescence and photostability. Therapeutically, nanoparticle\u2010based drug delivery systems demonstrate targeted delivery, reduced systemic toxicity, and improved drug stability and bioavailability in preclinical studies. Nanocarrier\u2010integrated stem cell and gene therapies further show potential in repairing renal cells and mitigating kidney injury. This review systematically examines nanomedicine's dual diagnostic and therapeutic roles in kidney diseases, compares strengths and limitations of various nanodelivery platforms, and addresses current challenges in clinical translation. By exploring novel nanotechnology\u2010driven strategies, it aims to guide future research toward effective, tailored therapies for improved renal disease management.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202500657","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T03:56:43Z","timestamp":1747972603000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Nanomedical Strategies for Kidney Disease: Diagnostic Innovations and Therapeutic Advancements"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Fengyang","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan 030001 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiqi","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanxi Bethune Hospital Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical 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