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In tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, 3D printing has emerged as a promising tool for fabricating scaffolds that mimic the natural extracellular matrix (ECM). However, many bioinks are derived from animal sources, posing risks of pathogen contamination and immune responses. Additionally, many bioinks require chemical cross\u2010linking to achieve mechanical stability, which can leave toxic residues and compromise cell viability. To address these challenges, a fully xeno\u2010free and mechanically stable bioink is developed based on self\u2010assembled peptides and cellulose nanofibers. The bioink combines 9\u2010Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (Fmoc\u2010FF) and its ethylene glycol\u2010conjugated derivative with a biodegradable fibrillar network of cellulose nanofibers, forming a non\u2010cross\u2010linked 3D scaffold. This formulation closely mimics the ECM, as confirmed by high\u2010resolution microscopy, and supports over 95% cell viability, demonstrating exceptional biocompatibility. This work presents a novel xeno\u2010free bioink with self\u2010assembly and self\u2010supporting properties, enabling reproducible 3D printing for advanced biomedical applications, including bone regeneration and personalized medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202501729","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T07:02:00Z","timestamp":1757055720000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Xeno\u2010Free Biocompatible Peptide\u2010Based Bioinks Reinforced with Cellulose Nanofibers for 3D Printing"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2152-3340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Netti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Biology The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine Gray Faculty of Medical &amp; Health Sciences Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv 26745 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