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Existing treatment options are unable to provide suitable long\u2010term outcomes, and emerging strategies employing injectable biomaterials are hindered by factors including limited native tissue integration and depth\u2010 or time\u2010constrained gelation mechanisms. To overcome these issues, the present research evaluates a new concept employing ultrasound to remotely trigger in situ implant formation. The concept centers around an implant precursor biomaterial consisting of an anionic polysaccharide solution containing thermally sensitive liposomes loaded with ionic crosslinkers. Ultrasound\u2010mediated heating to 4\u20135\u00a0\u00b0C above normal body temperature triggers liposomal release of the crosslinking species, thereby initiating hydrogel formation. Optimization studies define the implant precursor material (1.5% wt\/v sodium alginate seeded with calcium\u2010loaded liposomes (10\u201315 m\n                    <jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>\n                    calcium chloride) and 6% wt\/v glass microspheres) and the ultrasound parameters (0.95 MHz, 1.6 MPa amplitude, 87% duty cycle). Proof\u2010of\u2010concept experiments in degenerated ex vivo bovine IVDs indicate partial restoration of biomechanical function, with the implanted biomaterial well\u2010integrated into the disc tissue and without material herniation. These results offer promise for treating intervertebral disc degeneration, with continued refinement of biomaterials and protocols being essential for achieving robust in\u2010disc efficacy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202501823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T07:45:08Z","timestamp":1765439108000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Ultrasound\u2010Triggered Gelation for Restoring Biomechanical Properties of Degenerated Functional Spinal Units"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6216-034X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veerle A.","family":"Brans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering University of Oxford  Oxford OX3 7LD UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1606-8515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna P.","family":"Constantinou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Department of Bioengineering Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London  London SW7 2AZ UK"},{"name":"Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics Department of Engineering Science Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery University of Oxford  Oxford OX1 3QU UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0002-0197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Kibble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering White City Campus Sir Michael Uren Hub Imperial College London  London W12 0BZ UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7263-7209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeria","family":"Nele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Department of Bioengineering Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London  London SW7 2AZ UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4594-8212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Reumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Department of Bioengineering Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London  London SW7 2AZ UK"},{"name":"Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics Department of Engineering Science Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery University of Oxford  Oxford OX1 3QU UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4882-1356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Bau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering University of Oxford  Oxford OX3 7LD UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0179-4098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastien J. 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